PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Breast cancer is one of the top two reproductive cancers responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality among women globally. Despite the advancements in the treatment of breast cancer, its early diagnosis remains a challenge. Recent evidence indicates that despite the adroit use of numerous strategies to facilitate rapid and precision-oriented screening of breast cancer at the community level through the use of mammograms, Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and biomarker tracking, no strategy has been unequivocally accepted as a gold standard for facilitating rapid screening for disease. This necessitates the need to identify novel strategies for the detection and triage of breast cancer lesions at higher rates of specificity, and sensitivity, whilst taking into account the epidemiologic and social-demographic features of the patients. Recent shreds of evidence indicate that exosomes could be a robust source of biomaterial for the rapid screening of breast cancer due to their high stability and their presence in body fluids. Increasing evidence indicates that the Exosomal microRNAs- play a significant role in modifying the tumour microenvironment of breast cancers, thereby potentially aiding in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of ExomiRs in the tumour microenvironment in breast cancer. These ExomiRs can also be used as candidate biomarkers for facilitating rapid screening and triaging of breast cancer patients for clinical intervention.
摘要：
乳腺癌是导致全球女性高发病率和死亡率的两大生殖癌症之一。尽管乳腺癌的治疗取得了进展，它的早期诊断仍然是一个挑战。最近的证据表明，尽管通过乳房X光检查巧妙地使用了许多策略来促进在社区一级对乳腺癌进行快速和精确的筛查，细针抽吸细胞学（FNAC）和生物标志物跟踪，没有一项策略被明确接受为促进疾病快速筛查的金标准.这就需要以更高的特异性来确定乳腺癌病变的检测和分诊的新策略。和灵敏度,同时考虑到患者的流行病学和社会人口统计学特征。最近的证据表明，由于外泌体的高稳定性和在体液中的存在，外泌体可能是快速筛查乳腺癌的生物材料的强大来源。越来越多的证据表明，外泌体microRNAs-在改变乳腺癌的肿瘤微环境中起着重要作用。从而可能有助于扩散，乳腺癌的侵袭和转移。在这次审查中,我们总结了ExomiRs在乳腺癌肿瘤微环境中的作用。这些ExomiRs也可以用作候选生物标志物，以促进乳腺癌患者的快速筛查和分类以进行临床干预。
