Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To investigate how nurses\' implicit and explicit attitudes towards people with disabilities (PWD) compare to (1) other healthcare providers and (2) non-healthcare providers.
METHODS: We present an analysis of secondary data from the publicly available disability Implicit Association Test (IAT). We compare the explicit and implicit attitudes towards PWD for (1) nurses (n = 24,545), (2) other healthcare providers (n = 57,818) and (3) non-healthcare providers (n = 547,966) for a total of 630,238 respondents, between 2006 and 2021.
METHODS: We use publicly available data for the Disability IAT from Open Science Framework repository of Project Implicit available at https://osf.io/tx5fi/.
UNASSIGNED: STROBE checklist.
RESULTS: There is a distinct contrast between nurses\' explicit and implicit attitudes. While nurses have more positive explicit attitudes towards PWD compared to other groups, they also have more negative implicit attitudes towards PWD. As such there is a contrast between nurses\' stated (explicit) attitudes and their unconscious (implicit) attitudes towards PWD. Further, we find that implicit bias towards PWD-among all groups-has not improved over the 15 year period of our sample.
CONCLUSIONS: We present a contrast between nurses\' explicit and implicit attitude towards PWD compared to non-healthcare providers. We posit that implicit bias is driven by a combination of workload and stress which drives nurses to unconscious modes of thinking more frequently.
CONCLUSIONS: We discuss three potential tools for improved educational praxis regarding treatment of PWD; (1) more PWD service user involvement, (2) the use of mindfulness techniques to reduce stress and (3) the use of patient contact simulation to promote education and understanding.
UNASSIGNED: There is no patient or public contribution.
METHODS: We present an analysis of secondary data from the publicly available disability Implicit Association Test (IAT). We compare the explicit and implicit attitudes towards PWD for (1) nurses (n = 24,545), (2) other healthcare providers (n = 57,818) and (3) non-healthcare providers (n = 547,966) for a total of 630,238 respondents, between 2006 and 2021.
METHODS: We use publicly available data for the Disability IAT from Open Science Framework repository of Project Implicit available at https://osf.io/tx5fi/.
UNASSIGNED: STROBE checklist.
RESULTS: There is a distinct contrast between nurses\' explicit and implicit attitudes. While nurses have more positive explicit attitudes towards PWD compared to other groups, they also have more negative implicit attitudes towards PWD. As such there is a contrast between nurses\' stated (explicit) attitudes and their unconscious (implicit) attitudes towards PWD. Further, we find that implicit bias towards PWD-among all groups-has not improved over the 15 year period of our sample.
CONCLUSIONS: We present a contrast between nurses\' explicit and implicit attitude towards PWD compared to non-healthcare providers. We posit that implicit bias is driven by a combination of workload and stress which drives nurses to unconscious modes of thinking more frequently.
CONCLUSIONS: We discuss three potential tools for improved educational praxis regarding treatment of PWD; (1) more PWD service user involvement, (2) the use of mindfulness techniques to reduce stress and (3) the use of patient contact simulation to promote education and understanding.
UNASSIGNED: There is no patient or public contribution.
摘要：
目的：调查护士对残疾人（PWD）的内隐和外显态度与（1）其他医疗保健提供者和（2）非医疗保健提供者的比较。
方法：我们对公开的残疾内隐关联测验（IAT）的次要数据进行了分析。我们比较了(1)名护士(n=24,545)对PWD的显性和隐性态度，（2）其他医疗保健提供者（n=57,818）和（3）非医疗保健提供者（n=547,966），总计630,238名受访者，2006年至2021年。
方法：我们使用公开可用的残疾IAT数据，该数据来自https://osf.io/tx5fi/上提供的项目隐式的开放科学框架存储库。
■STROBE检查表。
结果：护士的外显态度和内隐态度之间存在明显的对比。与其他组相比，护士对PWD的态度更为积极，他们对PWD也有更负面的内隐态度。因此，护士对PWD的陈述（显性）态度与无意识（隐性）态度之间存在对比。Further,我们发现,在我们的样本的15年期间,所有群体对PWD的内隐偏倚并没有改善.
结论：与非医疗服务提供者相比，我们提出了护士对PWD的显性和隐性态度之间的对比。我们认为，内隐偏见是由工作量和压力共同驱动的，这促使护士更频繁地采用无意识的思维方式。
结论：我们讨论了改善PWD治疗教育实践的三种潜在工具；（1）更多的PWD服务用户参与，（2）使用正念技术减轻压力；（3）使用患者接触模拟促进教育和理解。
■没有患者或公共捐款。
方法：我们对公开的残疾内隐关联测验（IAT）的次要数据进行了分析。我们比较了(1)名护士(n=24,545)对PWD的显性和隐性态度，（2）其他医疗保健提供者（n=57,818）和（3）非医疗保健提供者（n=547,966），总计630,238名受访者，2006年至2021年。
方法：我们使用公开可用的残疾IAT数据，该数据来自https://osf.io/tx5fi/上提供的项目隐式的开放科学框架存储库。
■STROBE检查表。
结果：护士的外显态度和内隐态度之间存在明显的对比。与其他组相比，护士对PWD的态度更为积极，他们对PWD也有更负面的内隐态度。因此，护士对PWD的陈述（显性）态度与无意识（隐性）态度之间存在对比。Further,我们发现,在我们的样本的15年期间,所有群体对PWD的内隐偏倚并没有改善.
结论：与非医疗服务提供者相比，我们提出了护士对PWD的显性和隐性态度之间的对比。我们认为，内隐偏见是由工作量和压力共同驱动的，这促使护士更频繁地采用无意识的思维方式。
结论：我们讨论了改善PWD治疗教育实践的三种潜在工具；（1）更多的PWD服务用户参与，（2）使用正念技术减轻压力；（3）使用患者接触模拟促进教育和理解。
■没有患者或公共捐款。
