PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Vaccine hesitancy is considered as one of the greatest challenges to control the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A related challenge is the unwillingness of the general public to pay for vaccination. The objective of this study was to determine willingness-to-pay (WTP) for COVID-19 vaccine among individuals from ten low- middle-income countries (LMICs) in Asia, Africa, and South America. Data were collected using an online questionnaire distributed during February - May 2021 in ten LMICs (Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, Egypt, India, Iran, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sudan, and Tunisia). The major response variable of in this study was WTP for a COVID-19 vaccine. The assessment of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was based on items adopted from the World Health Organization (WHO) Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) vaccine hesitancy scale constructs. In this study, 1337 respondents included in the final analysis where the highest number of respondents was from India, while the lowest number was from Egypt. A total of 88.9% (1188/1337) respondents were willing to pay for the COVID-19 vaccination, and 11.1% (149/1337) were not. The average WTP for COVID-19 vaccination was 87.9 US dollars ($), (range: $5-$200). The multivariate model analysis showed that the country, monthly household income, having a history of respiratory disease, the agreement that routine vaccines recommended by health workers are beneficial and having received the flu vaccination within the previous 12 months were strongly associated with the WTP. Based on the country of origin, the highest mean WTP for COVID-19 vaccine was reported in Chile, while the lowest mean WTP for the vaccine was seen among the respondents from Sudan. The availability of free COVID-19 vaccination services appears as a top priority in the LMICs for successful control of the ongoing pandemic. This is particularly important for individuals of a lower socio- economic status. The effects of complacency regarding COVID-19 extends beyond vaccine hesitancy to involve less willingness to pay for COVID-19 vaccine and a lower value of WTP for the vaccine.
摘要：
疫苗犹豫被认为是控制正在进行的2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行的最大挑战之一。一个相关的挑战是公众不愿意支付疫苗接种费用。这项研究的目的是确定来自亚洲十个中低收入国家（LMIC）的个人对COVID-19疫苗的支付意愿（WTP），非洲,和南美洲。数据是使用2021年2月至5月在10个低收入国家(孟加拉国，巴西,智利,埃及,印度,伊朗,尼日利亚,巴基斯坦,苏丹,和突尼斯）。这项研究的主要反应变量是COVID-19疫苗的WTP。对COVID-19疫苗犹豫的评估是基于世界卫生组织(WHO)战略咨询专家小组(SAGE)疫苗犹豫量表构建体采用的项目。在这项研究中,最终分析中包括1337名受访者，其中受访者人数最多的是印度，而最低的是来自埃及。共有88.9%(1188/1337)的受访者愿意为COVID-19疫苗接种付费，和11.1%（149/1337）没有。COVID-19疫苗接种的平均WTP为87.9美元（$），（范围：$5-$200）。多变量模型分析表明,家庭月收入,有呼吸道疾病史,卫生工作者推荐的常规疫苗是有益的，并且在过去12个月内接受过流感疫苗接种的协议与WTP密切相关。根据原产国，据报道，智利的COVID-19疫苗平均WTP最高，而疫苗的平均WTP最低的是来自苏丹的受访者。提供免费的COVID-19疫苗接种服务似乎是低收入国家成功控制正在进行的大流行的首要任务。这对于社会经济地位较低的个人尤其重要。对COVID-19的自满影响超出了疫苗的犹豫，涉及不太愿意为COVID-19疫苗付费，疫苗的WTP价值较低。
