PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The clinical manifestations of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) involve night blindness, bitot\'s spots, corneal xerosis, and corneal scars. It is the most important cause of preventable childhood blindness among children and causes morbidity and mortality. Even though Ethiopia implemented high-potency vitamin A supplements, the occurrence of VAD remains significant. This study was to identify determinants of clinical VAD among preschool-aged children (PSC) in southwest Ethiopia.
UNASSIGNED: A community-based survey was conducted among 411 randomly selected PSCs. A pretested and structured questionnaire coupled with clinical observation for signs of vitamin A deficiency by a trained ophthalmologist was used to collect the data. An anthropometric measurement of height was taken and analyzed using WHO Anthro to calculate Z-scores for each index. The public health significance of VAD was declared after comparison with international references. A bi-variable and multi-variable logistic analysis was done. We reported the adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 95% confidence interval, and p-value.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 411 children were screened for clinical VAD, and the overall prevalence was 2.2% (95% CI: 1.5-2.5). Of which, night blindness affects 1.2%, bitot\'s spots affects 0.7%, and corneal xerosis affects 0.2%, indicating a major public health problem compared to the international reference. The odds of clinical VAD were 81% lower among children who received vitamin A supplementation (VAS; AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04-0.92). On the other hand, PSC of mothers who had attended ANC visits were 89% less likely to develop clinical VAD (AOR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.02-0.53). In addition, the study revealed that the odds of developing clinical VAD are 82% lower among PSC aged 36 to 47 months (AOR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.03-0.97).
UNASSIGNED: The prevalence of clinical VAD among PSC is a public health problem and is associated with ANC visits, VAS status, and the age of the child, which could be used to target interventions to further reduce existing VAD. Further studies using reliable dietary intake and biomarker data could further depict the burden of subclinical VAD.
UNASSIGNED: A community-based survey was conducted among 411 randomly selected PSCs. A pretested and structured questionnaire coupled with clinical observation for signs of vitamin A deficiency by a trained ophthalmologist was used to collect the data. An anthropometric measurement of height was taken and analyzed using WHO Anthro to calculate Z-scores for each index. The public health significance of VAD was declared after comparison with international references. A bi-variable and multi-variable logistic analysis was done. We reported the adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 95% confidence interval, and p-value.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 411 children were screened for clinical VAD, and the overall prevalence was 2.2% (95% CI: 1.5-2.5). Of which, night blindness affects 1.2%, bitot\'s spots affects 0.7%, and corneal xerosis affects 0.2%, indicating a major public health problem compared to the international reference. The odds of clinical VAD were 81% lower among children who received vitamin A supplementation (VAS; AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04-0.92). On the other hand, PSC of mothers who had attended ANC visits were 89% less likely to develop clinical VAD (AOR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.02-0.53). In addition, the study revealed that the odds of developing clinical VAD are 82% lower among PSC aged 36 to 47 months (AOR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.03-0.97).
UNASSIGNED: The prevalence of clinical VAD among PSC is a public health problem and is associated with ANC visits, VAS status, and the age of the child, which could be used to target interventions to further reduce existing VAD. Further studies using reliable dietary intake and biomarker data could further depict the burden of subclinical VAD.
摘要：
■维生素A缺乏症（VAD）的临床表现涉及夜盲症，bitot\的斑点，角膜干燥症,和角膜疤痕.它是儿童可预防的儿童失明的最重要原因，并导致发病率和死亡率。尽管埃塞俄比亚实施了高效维生素A补充剂，VAD的发生仍然显著。这项研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西南部学龄前儿童（PSC）中临床VAD的决定因素。
■在411个随机选择的PSC中进行了基于社区的调查。使用经过训练的眼科医生进行的预先测试和结构化问卷以及对维生素A缺乏迹象的临床观察来收集数据。使用WHOAnthro对身高进行人体测量并进行分析，以计算每个指标的Z得分。在与国际参考文献进行比较后，宣布了VAD的公共卫生意义。进行了双变量和多变量逻辑分析。我们报告了调整后的赔率比(AOR)，95%置信区间,和p值。
■共有411名儿童接受了临床VAD筛查，总体患病率为2.2％（95％CI：1.5-2.5）。其中，夜盲症影响1.2%，bitot的斑点影响0.7%，角膜干燥症影响0.2%，与国际参考相比，这是一个重大的公共卫生问题。在接受维生素A补充的儿童中，临床VAD的几率降低了81％（VAS;AOR=0.19，95％CI：0.04-0.92）。另一方面,参加过ANC访问的母亲的PSC发生临床VAD的可能性降低了89％（AOR=0.11，95％CI：0.02-0.53）。此外,研究显示,36~47个月的PSC患者发生临床VAD的几率较低82%(AOR=0.18;95%CI:0.03~0.97).
PSC中临床VAD的患病率是一个公共卫生问题，与ANC就诊相关，VAS状态,和孩子的年龄，可用于有针对性的干预措施，以进一步减少现有的VAD。使用可靠的饮食摄入和生物标志物数据的进一步研究可以进一步描述亚临床VAD的负担。
■在411个随机选择的PSC中进行了基于社区的调查。使用经过训练的眼科医生进行的预先测试和结构化问卷以及对维生素A缺乏迹象的临床观察来收集数据。使用WHOAnthro对身高进行人体测量并进行分析，以计算每个指标的Z得分。在与国际参考文献进行比较后，宣布了VAD的公共卫生意义。进行了双变量和多变量逻辑分析。我们报告了调整后的赔率比(AOR)，95%置信区间,和p值。
■共有411名儿童接受了临床VAD筛查，总体患病率为2.2％（95％CI：1.5-2.5）。其中，夜盲症影响1.2%，bitot的斑点影响0.7%，角膜干燥症影响0.2%，与国际参考相比，这是一个重大的公共卫生问题。在接受维生素A补充的儿童中，临床VAD的几率降低了81％（VAS;AOR=0.19，95％CI：0.04-0.92）。另一方面,参加过ANC访问的母亲的PSC发生临床VAD的可能性降低了89％（AOR=0.11，95％CI：0.02-0.53）。此外,研究显示,36~47个月的PSC患者发生临床VAD的几率较低82%(AOR=0.18;95%CI:0.03~0.97).
PSC中临床VAD的患病率是一个公共卫生问题，与ANC就诊相关，VAS状态,和孩子的年龄，可用于有针对性的干预措施，以进一步减少现有的VAD。使用可靠的饮食摄入和生物标志物数据的进一步研究可以进一步描述亚临床VAD的负担。
