PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Vaccine hesitancy, defined as the reluctance or rejection in receiving a vaccine despite its availability, represents a major challenge to global health efforts aiming to control the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the possible factors correlated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy using a refined well-informed approach can be helpful to address the phenomenon. The current study aimed to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates using four hypothetical scenarios of varying levels of vaccine efficacy and safety profiles in ten Asian, African and South American countries. These scenarios included: 95% efficacy and 20% side effects (Vaccine A), 75% efficacy and 5% side effects (Vaccine B); 75% efficacy and 20% side effects (Vaccine C) and 50% efficacy and 5% side effects (Vaccine D). This study used a self-administered online survey that was distributed during February-May 2021. The total number of study respondents was 1337 with countries of residence as follows: India (21.1%), Pakistan (12.9%), Sudan (11.2%), Nigeria (9.3%), Iran (8.2%), Bangladesh and Brazil (7.9%), Chile (7.7%), Tunisia (7.6%), and Egypt (6.2%). The overall acceptance rates for COVID-19 vaccination were variable based on varying degrees of safety and efficacy as follows: 55.6% for Vaccine C, 58.3% for Vaccine D, 74.0% for Vaccine A and 80.1% for Vaccine B. The highest levels of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were observed in Brazil followed by Chile across the four different safety and efficacy scenarios. The lowest COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates were reported in Egypt and Tunisia for the low safety scenarios (20% side effects), and the low efficacy scenario (50% efficacy). The study revealed the potential effect of vaccine safety and efficacy on the intention to get COVID-19 vaccination. At the same efficacy level, higher possibility of side effects caused a large drop in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate. This indicates the importance of accurate communication regarding vaccine safety and efficacy on attitude towards the vaccine and intentions to get vaccinated. Regional differences in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance were observed with the Middle East/North African countries showing the lowest rates and the South American countries displaying the highest vaccine acceptance rates.
摘要：
疫苗犹豫，定义为尽管疫苗可用，但不愿意或拒绝接受疫苗，对旨在控制正在进行的COVID-19大流行的全球卫生工作构成了重大挑战。使用完善的消息灵通方法了解与COVID-19疫苗犹豫相关的可能因素可能有助于解决这一现象。本研究旨在评估COVID-19疫苗接受率，使用10个亚洲人不同水平的疫苗疗效和安全性的四种假设情景，非洲和南美国家。这些情况包括：95%的疗效和20%的副作用（疫苗A），75%功效和5%副作用(疫苗B);75%功效和20%副作用(疫苗C)和50%功效和5%副作用(疫苗D)。这项研究使用了一项自我管理的在线调查，该调查于2021年2月至5月期间分发。研究受访者总数为1337，居住国如下:印度(21.1%)，巴基斯坦（12.9%），苏丹（11.2%），尼日利亚（9.3%），伊朗（8.2%），孟加拉国和巴西（7.9%），智利（7.7%），突尼斯（7.6%），埃及（6.2%）。COVID-19疫苗接种的总体接受率根据不同程度的安全性和有效性而变化，如下：疫苗C为55.6%，疫苗D的58.3％，疫苗A为74.0%，疫苗B为80.1%，在四种不同的安全性和有效性方案中，巴西的COVID-19疫苗接受度最高，其次是智利。据报道，埃及和突尼斯的COVID-19疫苗接受率最低的是低安全性情景(20%的副作用)，和低疗效方案(50%疗效)。该研究揭示了疫苗安全性和有效性对接种COVID-19疫苗的意图的潜在影响。在相同的功效水平下，更高的副作用可能性导致COVID-19疫苗接受率大幅下降。这表明了关于疫苗安全性和有效性的准确沟通对疫苗的态度和接种疫苗的意图的重要性。观察到COVID-19疫苗接受度的区域差异，中东/北非国家的疫苗接受度最低，南美国家的疫苗接受度最高。
