Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this experimental study is to investigate the correlation between the presence of senescent cells and the tumor size, the lymphovascular invasion (LVI), the invasion of rete testis (RTI), the preoperative tumor markers or pathological stage in patients who underwent orchiectomy for malignant purposes.
METHODS: This experimental study included patients with a history of radical orchiectomy performed from January 2011 to January 2019. The testicular tissue specimens underwent an immunohistopathological process for the detection of the presence of cellular senescence. Besides, the tumor size, the histopathological type, the pathological stage of the tumor and the presence of Lymphovascular (LVI) or rete testis (RTI) invasions were also recorded. Additionally, the preoperative serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and lactate dehydrogenase were recorded. After the completion of immunohistochemical analysis, the rate of senescent cells in each specimen was also recorded.
RESULTS: The mean senescent cell rate was estimated to be 14.11±11.32% and 15.46±10.58% in patients with presence of LVI or absence of LVI, respectively (p=0.46). The mean senescent cell rate was calculated at 18.13±12.26% and 12.56±9.38% (p=0.096) in patients with presence of RTI or absence of RTI, respectively. The mean senescent cell rate in the pT1 group was calculated at 14.58 ± 9.82%, while in T2 and T3 groups the mean senescent cell rate was estimated to be 15.22 ± 12.03% and 15.35 ± 14.21%, respectively (p=0.98). A statistically significant correlation was detected between the senescence rate and the tumor size (Pearson score 0.40, p=0.027) and between the rate of senescent cells and the preoperative level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (Pearson score -0.53, p=0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of cellular senescence was correlated with the extent of the testicular tumor in terms of tumor size as well as the preoperative level of the LDH serum marker.
METHODS: This experimental study included patients with a history of radical orchiectomy performed from January 2011 to January 2019. The testicular tissue specimens underwent an immunohistopathological process for the detection of the presence of cellular senescence. Besides, the tumor size, the histopathological type, the pathological stage of the tumor and the presence of Lymphovascular (LVI) or rete testis (RTI) invasions were also recorded. Additionally, the preoperative serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and lactate dehydrogenase were recorded. After the completion of immunohistochemical analysis, the rate of senescent cells in each specimen was also recorded.
RESULTS: The mean senescent cell rate was estimated to be 14.11±11.32% and 15.46±10.58% in patients with presence of LVI or absence of LVI, respectively (p=0.46). The mean senescent cell rate was calculated at 18.13±12.26% and 12.56±9.38% (p=0.096) in patients with presence of RTI or absence of RTI, respectively. The mean senescent cell rate in the pT1 group was calculated at 14.58 ± 9.82%, while in T2 and T3 groups the mean senescent cell rate was estimated to be 15.22 ± 12.03% and 15.35 ± 14.21%, respectively (p=0.98). A statistically significant correlation was detected between the senescence rate and the tumor size (Pearson score 0.40, p=0.027) and between the rate of senescent cells and the preoperative level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (Pearson score -0.53, p=0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of cellular senescence was correlated with the extent of the testicular tumor in terms of tumor size as well as the preoperative level of the LDH serum marker.
摘要：
目的：本实验研究的目的是研究衰老细胞的存在与肿瘤大小之间的相关性，淋巴管浸润（LVI），睾丸网入侵（RTI），为恶性目的行睾丸切除术患者的术前肿瘤标志物或病理分期。
方法：本实验研究包括2011年1月至2019年1月有根治性睾丸切除术史的患者。睾丸组织标本经过免疫组织病理学过程，以检测细胞衰老的存在。此外,肿瘤的大小,组织病理学类型,还记录了肿瘤的病理阶段以及淋巴管（LVI）或睾丸网（RTI）入侵的存在。此外,术前血清甲胎蛋白水平，记录β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素和乳酸脱氢酶。完成免疫组织化学分析后，还记录了每个样本中衰老细胞的比率。
结果：在存在或不存在LVI的患者中，平均衰老细胞率为14.11±11.32%和15.46±10.58%。分别(p=0.46)。在存在RTI或不存在RTI的患者中，平均衰老细胞率为18.13±12.26％和12.56±9.38％（p=0.096），分别。计算pT1组的平均衰老细胞率为14.58±9.82%，而在T2和T3组中，平均衰老细胞率为15.22±12.03%和15.35±14.21%，分别(p=0.98)。在衰老率与肿瘤大小（Pearson评分0.40，p=0.027）之间以及衰老细胞率与术前乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平（Pearson评分-0.53，p=0.002）之间存在统计学上的显着相关性。
结论：细胞衰老的存在与睾丸肿瘤的大小及术前LDH血清标志物水平相关。
方法：本实验研究包括2011年1月至2019年1月有根治性睾丸切除术史的患者。睾丸组织标本经过免疫组织病理学过程，以检测细胞衰老的存在。此外,肿瘤的大小,组织病理学类型,还记录了肿瘤的病理阶段以及淋巴管（LVI）或睾丸网（RTI）入侵的存在。此外,术前血清甲胎蛋白水平，记录β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素和乳酸脱氢酶。完成免疫组织化学分析后，还记录了每个样本中衰老细胞的比率。
结果：在存在或不存在LVI的患者中，平均衰老细胞率为14.11±11.32%和15.46±10.58%。分别(p=0.46)。在存在RTI或不存在RTI的患者中，平均衰老细胞率为18.13±12.26％和12.56±9.38％（p=0.096），分别。计算pT1组的平均衰老细胞率为14.58±9.82%，而在T2和T3组中，平均衰老细胞率为15.22±12.03%和15.35±14.21%，分别(p=0.98)。在衰老率与肿瘤大小（Pearson评分0.40，p=0.027）之间以及衰老细胞率与术前乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平（Pearson评分-0.53，p=0.002）之间存在统计学上的显着相关性。
结论：细胞衰老的存在与睾丸肿瘤的大小及术前LDH血清标志物水平相关。
