PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Manila Bay, a multipurpose body of water located around Metro Manila, Philippines, is progressively deteriorating because of massive pollution. Reports have shown that the bay and its aquatic resources (i.e., seafood) are contaminated with fecal matter and enteric pathogens, posing a threat to public health and industry. This problem raises the need for a microbial source tracking methodology as a part of the rehabilitation efforts in the bay. Bivalve mollusks cultivated in water can serve as sentinel species to detect fecal pollution and can complement water monitoring. With the use of polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequence analysis, this study detected Cryptosporidium spp. in Asian green mussels (Perna viridis) cultivated and harvested in Manila Bay and sold in Bulungan Seafood Market, Parañaque, Philippines, from 2019 to 2021 with an overall occurrence of 8.77% (n = 57). The analysis of the 18S rDNA segment revealed three genotypes from Cryptosporidium-positive samples, namely, Cryptosporidium sp. rat genotype IV (60%), C. galli (20%), and C. meleagridis (20%). These findings suggest fecal pollution in bivalve cultivation sites coming from sewage, nonpoint, and agricultural sources. The presence of C. meleagridis, the third most common cause of human cryptosporidiosis, in mussels poses a threat to human health. Thus, there is a need to establish routine detection and source tracking of Cryptosporidium spp. in Manila Bay and to educate seafood consumers on food safety.
摘要：
马尼拉湾,位于马尼拉大都会周围的多用途水体，菲律宾,由于大规模的污染而逐渐恶化。报告显示，海湾及其水生资源(即，海鲜)被粪便和肠道病原体污染，对公众健康和工业构成威胁。这个问题提出了对微生物源跟踪方法的需求，作为海湾康复工作的一部分。在水中培养的双壳软体动物可以作为前哨物种来检测粪便污染，并可以补充水监测。使用聚合酶链反应和DNA序列分析，本研究检测到隐孢子虫。在马尼拉湾种植和收获并在Bulungan海鲜市场出售的亚洲绿色贻贝（Pernaviridis）中，帕拉纳克,菲律宾,从2019年到2021年，总体发生率为8.77%（n=57）。对18SrDNA片段的分析揭示了隐孢子虫阳性样品中的三种基因型，即,隐孢子虫。大鼠基因型IV（60％），C.加仑（20%），和C.meleagridis(20%)。这些发现表明双壳类养殖场所的粪便污染来自污水，非点,和农业来源。C.Meleagridis的存在,人类隐孢子虫病的第三大常见原因，贻贝对人类健康构成威胁。因此，有必要建立隐孢子虫的常规检测和来源跟踪。在马尼拉湾，并对海鲜消费者进行食品安全教育。
