PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a rare yet severe form of allergic conjunctivitis predominantly affecting children, mainly boys, with a global prevalence and a higher incidence in certain geographical regions. The disease is characterized by seasonal exacerbations. VKC presents with ocular surface inflammation leading to various distressing symptoms such as itching, redness, mucous discharge, and pain. The disease primarily manifests bilaterally, though it may initially appear unilaterally. If left untreated, VKC can result in corneal complications, including shield ulcers and vision impairment, affecting daily activities and psychosocial well-being, especially in children. The diagnosis of VKC involves identifying key clinical findings on the ocular surface such as Tranta dots, giant papillae, or shield ulcers. Management follows a stepwise approach, including anti-allergic eye drops, steroid eye drops, and topical medications like cyclosporine, which may take up to 3 months to show efficacy. Allergic sensitization, often to inhaled allergens like pollen and house dust mites, is associated with VKC in half of the cases. Understanding and managing these allergies through measures such as avoidance, sensitization control, and co-treatment of associated conditions like asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis are essential in VKC management. Atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), a related condition associated with atopic dermatitis and asthma, shares similarities with VKC but typically affects young adults. However, there is an observed spectrum between the two diseases, indicating similar treatment strategies for both. VKC treatment requires a patient-centered approach, involving informed and supported parents, considering economic factors due to costly eye drops, and ensuring accessibility and practicality of treatment, especially in children. A multidisciplinary team collaboration, including ophthalmologists, pediatricians, and dermatologists, optimizes patient care. The rewarding aspect of VKC treatment lies in witnessing children regain their quality of life, overcome vision challenges, and thrive in their daily activities. In conclusion, understanding VKC, its associated allergies, and employing a comprehensive, patient-centered approach are crucial in managing this challenging condition, particularly in children, to enhance their vision and overall well-being.
摘要：
春季角膜结膜炎（VKC）是一种罕见但严重的过敏性结膜炎，主要影响儿童。主要是男生,全球流行，在某些地理区域发病率较高。该疾病的特征是季节性恶化。VKC表现为眼表炎症，导致各种痛苦的症状，如瘙痒，发红,粘液分泌物,和痛苦。这种疾病主要表现在双边，虽然它最初可能是单方面出现的。如果不及时治疗，VKC可导致角膜并发症，包括屏蔽性溃疡和视力障碍,影响日常活动和社会心理健康，尤其是儿童。VKC的诊断涉及识别眼表的关键临床发现，例如Tranta点，巨大的乳头,或屏蔽性溃疡。管理遵循循序渐进的方法，包括抗过敏眼药水,类固醇眼药水,和环孢菌素等外用药物，这可能需要长达3个月的时间才能显示出疗效。过敏致敏，经常吸入过敏原，如花粉和室内尘螨，在一半的病例中与VKC有关。通过避免等措施了解和管理这些过敏，敏化控制，在VKC管理中，哮喘和鼻结膜炎等相关疾病的共同治疗至关重要。特应性角膜结膜炎(AKC),与特应性皮炎和哮喘相关的疾病，与VKC有相似之处，但通常会影响年轻人。然而,这两种疾病之间有一个观察到的光谱，表明两者的治疗策略相似。VKC治疗需要以患者为中心的方法，包括知情和支持的父母，考虑到昂贵的眼药水带来的经济因素，并确保治疗的可及性和实用性，尤其是儿童。多学科团队合作，包括眼科医生,儿科医生,和皮肤科医生,优化患者护理。VKC治疗的有益方面在于见证儿童恢复生活质量，克服视觉挑战，并在日常活动中茁壮成长。总之,了解VKC，其相关的过敏，并采用全面的，以患者为中心的方法对于管理这种具有挑战性的疾病至关重要，特别是在儿童中，增强他们的视野和整体福祉。
