Abstract：
Malassezia are members of the mycobiome of dogs and cats. In the presence of an underlying disease, these yeasts can proliferate, attach to the skin or mucosa to induce a secondary Malassezia dermatitis, otitis externa or paronychia. Since allergic dermatitis is one of the most common underlying causes, diagnostic investigation for allergy is often indicated. Cats may suffer from various other underlying problems, especially where Malassezia dermatitis is generalised. Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats is chronic, relapsing and pruritic. Direct cytology from dermatological lesions and the ear canal, showing \"peanut-shaped\" budding yeasts, facilitates a rapid and reliable diagnosis. Topical treatment includes antiseptic and antifungal azole-based products. Systemic treatment with oral antifungals is indicated only in severe or refractory disease. Identification and treatment of the underlying cause is essential for an optimal response. In this evidence-based narrative review, we discuss the clinical presentation of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats, underlying comorbidities, and diagnostic considerations. Treatment is discussed in light of emerging evidence of antifungal resistance and the authors\' clinical experience.
摘要：
马拉色菌是狗和猫的分枝杆菌的成员。在存在潜在疾病的情况下，这些酵母可以增殖，附着在皮肤或粘膜上诱发继发性马拉色菌皮炎，外耳道炎或甲沟炎。由于过敏性皮炎是最常见的潜在原因之一，通常需要对过敏进行诊断性调查。猫可能会受到各种其他潜在的问题，尤其是马拉色菌皮炎的普遍性。狗和猫的马拉色菌皮炎是慢性的，复发和瘙痒。皮肤病变和耳道的直接细胞学检查，显示“花生形”出芽酵母，便于快速可靠的诊断。局部治疗包括防腐剂和抗真菌唑类产品。口服抗真菌药物的全身治疗仅适用于严重或难治性疾病。识别和治疗根本原因对于最佳反应至关重要。在这份基于证据的叙事审查中，我们讨论了狗和猫的马拉色菌皮炎的临床表现，潜在的合并症，和诊断考虑。根据抗真菌耐药性的新证据和作者的临床经验讨论了治疗。
