Abstract：
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is one of the most aggressive types of biliary tree cancers and the commonest despite its rarity. It is infrequently diagnosed at an early stage, further contributing to its poor prognosis and low survival rate. The lethal nature of the disease has underlined a crucial need to discern the underlying mechanisms of GBC carcinogenesis which are still largely unknown. However, with the continual evolution in the research of cancer biology and molecular genetics, studies have found that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play an active role in the molecular pathophysiology of GBC development. Dysregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their interaction with intracellular signaling pathways contribute to malignancy and disease development. LncRNAs, a subclass of ncRNAs with over 200 nucleotides, regulate gene expression at transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels and especially as epigenetic modulators. Thus, their expression abnormalities have been linked to malignancy and therapeutic resistance. lnsRNAs have also been found in GBC patients\' serum and tumor tissue biopsies, highlighting their potential as novel biomarkers and for targeted therapy. This review will examine the growing involvement of lncRNAs in GBC pathophysiology, including related signaling pathways and their wider clinical use.
摘要：
胆囊癌（GBC）是最具侵袭性的胆道树癌类型之一，尽管其罕见，但最常见。它很少在早期被诊断出来，进一步导致其预后差和生存率低。该疾病的致死性强调了辨别GBC癌变的潜在机制的关键需求，这些机制在很大程度上仍然未知。然而,随着癌症生物学和分子遗传学研究的不断发展，研究发现,非编码RNA(ncRNAs)在GBC发生发展的分子病理生理学中起着积极作用。异常调节的长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)及其与细胞内信号通路的相互作用有助于恶性肿瘤和疾病的发展。LncRNAs,具有超过200个核苷酸的ncRNAs的亚类，在转录时调节基因表达，翻译,和翻译后水平，尤其是作为表观遗传调节剂。因此，它们的表达异常与恶性肿瘤和治疗抗性有关.lnsRNAs也在GBC患者血清和肿瘤组织活检中发现，突出了它们作为新型生物标志物和靶向治疗的潜力。这篇综述将研究lncRNAs在GBC病理生理学中的日益参与，包括相关的信号通路及其更广泛的临床应用。
