PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Asthma is a major non-communicable disease affecting both children and adults and is the most common chronic disease among children. It has a significant effect on patient\'s daily lives, as well as a big economic impact on society, as it affects 262 million people of the population globally. According to the previous research conducted in the Aseer region in southwestern Saudi Arabia, the prevalence rate of bronchial asthma was found to be 19.2%. Also, a number of studies revealed a significant prevalence of asthma in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, it is simple and effective to measure specific asthma symptoms among the adult population by utilizing the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) criteria.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate asthma prevalence and measure asthma symptoms among Saudi adults in Qassim, Saudi Arabia using the ECRHS.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study targets the males and females living in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted by handing out a validated, self-administered questionnaire among adult male and female patients in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Both descriptive and inferential statistics analyses were conducted. To test the association, both chi-square and Fisher\'s exact tests were carried out. For the test, a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: The study involved 461 participants who met the inclusion criteria. The study found that 137 (29.9%) participants reported having tightness in their chests when they woke up. Among the respondents who reported these symptoms were 83 (60.1%) female and 55 (39.9%) male respondents. This shows a statistically significant difference between the gender and severity of chest tightness upon waking up (p = 0.008) with more females experiencing it than the male gender. More so, there was a statistically significant difference between the gender and severity of shortness of breath (p = 0.008), with more females (81, 60.4%) having the symptoms than the male gender (53, 39.6%). In addition, the study results reveal statistically significant gender differences among the patients who were diagnosed with asthma by the physician (p = 0.003), with more males (51, 65.4%) having been diagnosed than the female gender (27, 34.6%). Asthma attacks in the 12 months (p = 0.047) and the use of tobacco products (p = 0.001) were also found to have a statistically significant difference across the genders. This was shown by most males (26, 65.0%) who had asthma attacks in the 12 months and 70 (98.6%) who smoked any tobacco products than the few females (14, 35.0%) who reported to have had asthma attacks in the 12 months and one (1.4%) who reported smoking any tobacco products.
CONCLUSIONS: This study noted that the prevalence of asthma symptoms varied based on the gender of the participants. Therefore, the study suggests that gender should be taken as an important factor while evaluating the severity and how asthma-related symptoms manifest.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate asthma prevalence and measure asthma symptoms among Saudi adults in Qassim, Saudi Arabia using the ECRHS.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study targets the males and females living in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted by handing out a validated, self-administered questionnaire among adult male and female patients in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Both descriptive and inferential statistics analyses were conducted. To test the association, both chi-square and Fisher\'s exact tests were carried out. For the test, a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: The study involved 461 participants who met the inclusion criteria. The study found that 137 (29.9%) participants reported having tightness in their chests when they woke up. Among the respondents who reported these symptoms were 83 (60.1%) female and 55 (39.9%) male respondents. This shows a statistically significant difference between the gender and severity of chest tightness upon waking up (p = 0.008) with more females experiencing it than the male gender. More so, there was a statistically significant difference between the gender and severity of shortness of breath (p = 0.008), with more females (81, 60.4%) having the symptoms than the male gender (53, 39.6%). In addition, the study results reveal statistically significant gender differences among the patients who were diagnosed with asthma by the physician (p = 0.003), with more males (51, 65.4%) having been diagnosed than the female gender (27, 34.6%). Asthma attacks in the 12 months (p = 0.047) and the use of tobacco products (p = 0.001) were also found to have a statistically significant difference across the genders. This was shown by most males (26, 65.0%) who had asthma attacks in the 12 months and 70 (98.6%) who smoked any tobacco products than the few females (14, 35.0%) who reported to have had asthma attacks in the 12 months and one (1.4%) who reported smoking any tobacco products.
CONCLUSIONS: This study noted that the prevalence of asthma symptoms varied based on the gender of the participants. Therefore, the study suggests that gender should be taken as an important factor while evaluating the severity and how asthma-related symptoms manifest.
摘要：
背景：哮喘是影响儿童和成人的主要非传染性疾病，是儿童中最常见的慢性疾病。它对病人的日常生活有显著的影响,以及对社会的巨大经济影响，因为它影响了全球2.62亿人口。根据先前在沙特阿拉伯西南部的Aseer地区进行的研究，支气管哮喘的患病率为19.2%.此外，多项研究显示,沙特阿拉伯的哮喘患病率显著.因此,利用欧洲共同体呼吸健康调查(ECRHS)标准,在成人人群中测量特定的哮喘症状是简单而有效的.
目的：调查Qassim沙特阿拉伯成年人的哮喘患病率和哮喘症状，沙特阿拉伯使用ECRHS。
方法：这项横断面研究针对生活在沙特阿拉伯Qassim地区的男性和女性。这项研究是通过分发经过验证的，沙特阿拉伯Qassim地区成年男性和女性患者的自我管理问卷。进行了描述性和推断性统计分析。为了测试协会，进行了卡方和费希尔的精确检验。对于测试，p值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义.
结果：该研究涉及461名符合纳入标准的参与者。研究发现，137（29.9％）的参与者在醒来时报告胸部紧绷。报告这些症状的受访者中有83名（60.1%）女性和55名（39.9%）男性。这表明性别和醒来时胸闷的严重程度之间存在统计学上的显着差异（p=0.008），女性比男性更多。更多，性别和呼吸急促的严重程度之间存在统计学上的显着差异（p=0.008），女性（81，60.4％）的症状多于男性（53，39.6％）。此外,研究结果显示，在医生诊断为哮喘的患者中，性别差异具有统计学意义（p=0.003），男性（51，65.4％）比女性（27，34.6％）更多。在12个月内的哮喘发作（p=0.047）和烟草制品的使用（p=0.001）也被发现在性别之间具有统计学上的显着差异。大多数男性（26，65.0％）在12个月内哮喘发作，70（98.6％）吸烟任何烟草产品，而少数女性（14，35.0％）报告有哮喘发作12个月和一个（1.4％）报告吸烟任何烟草产品。
结论：这项研究指出，哮喘症状的患病率因参与者的性别而异。因此,研究提示,在评估哮喘的严重程度和相关症状的表现时,应将性别作为一个重要因素.
目的：调查Qassim沙特阿拉伯成年人的哮喘患病率和哮喘症状，沙特阿拉伯使用ECRHS。
方法：这项横断面研究针对生活在沙特阿拉伯Qassim地区的男性和女性。这项研究是通过分发经过验证的，沙特阿拉伯Qassim地区成年男性和女性患者的自我管理问卷。进行了描述性和推断性统计分析。为了测试协会，进行了卡方和费希尔的精确检验。对于测试，p值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义.
结果：该研究涉及461名符合纳入标准的参与者。研究发现，137（29.9％）的参与者在醒来时报告胸部紧绷。报告这些症状的受访者中有83名（60.1%）女性和55名（39.9%）男性。这表明性别和醒来时胸闷的严重程度之间存在统计学上的显着差异（p=0.008），女性比男性更多。更多，性别和呼吸急促的严重程度之间存在统计学上的显着差异（p=0.008），女性（81，60.4％）的症状多于男性（53，39.6％）。此外,研究结果显示，在医生诊断为哮喘的患者中，性别差异具有统计学意义（p=0.003），男性（51，65.4％）比女性（27，34.6％）更多。在12个月内的哮喘发作（p=0.047）和烟草制品的使用（p=0.001）也被发现在性别之间具有统计学上的显着差异。大多数男性（26，65.0％）在12个月内哮喘发作，70（98.6％）吸烟任何烟草产品，而少数女性（14，35.0％）报告有哮喘发作12个月和一个（1.4％）报告吸烟任何烟草产品。
结论：这项研究指出，哮喘症状的患病率因参与者的性别而异。因此,研究提示,在评估哮喘的严重程度和相关症状的表现时,应将性别作为一个重要因素.
