Abstract：
Individuals born preterm present lower exercise capacity. Along with the cardiopulmonary responses and activity level, muscle strength is a key determinant of exercise capacity. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the impact of preterm birth on skeletal muscle mass and function across the lifespan. The databases PubMed, MEDLINE, EBM, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Global Index Medicus, and Google Scholar were searched using keywords and MeSH terms related to skeletal muscle, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Two independent reviewers undertook study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisal using Covidence review management. Data were pooled to estimate the prematurity effect on muscle mass and function using the R software. From 4378 studies retrieved, 132 were full-text reviewed and 25 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Five studies presented a low risk of bias, and 5 had a higher risk of bias due to a lack of adjustment for confounding factors and presenting incomplete outcomes. Meta-analyses of pooled data from homogenous studies indicated a significant reduction in muscle thickness and jump test (muscle power) in individuals born preterm versus full-term with standardized mean difference and confidence interval of - 0.58 (0.27, 0.89) and - 0.45 (0.21, 0.69), respectively. Conclusion: Overall, this systematic review summarizing the existing literature on the impact of preterm birth on skeletal muscle indicates emerging evidence that individuals born preterm, display alteration in the development of their skeletal muscle mass and function. This work also highlights a clear knowledge gap in understanding the effect of preterm birth on skeletal muscle development. What is Known: • Preterm birth, which occurs at a critical time of skeletal muscle development and maturation, impairs the development of different organs and tissues leading to a higher risk of comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases. • Preterm birth is associated with reduced exercise capacity. What is New: • Individuals born preterm display alterations in muscle mass and function compared to individuals born at term from infancy to adulthood. • There is a need to develop preventive or curative interventions to improve skeletal muscle health in preterm-born individuals.
摘要：
早产儿个体的运动能力较低。随着心肺反应和活动水平，肌肉力量是决定运动能力的关键因素。本系统综述旨在总结有关早产对整个生命周期中骨骼肌质量和功能的影响的最新知识。数据库PubMed,MEDLINE,EBM,Embase,CINAHLPlus,全球指数Medicus，谷歌学者使用与骨骼肌相关的关键词和MeSH术语进行搜索，早产,低出生体重。两名独立审稿人进行了研究选择，数据提取,和质量评估使用Covidence评审管理。使用R软件汇总数据以估计早产对肌肉质量和功能的影响。从检索到的4378项研究中，132份全文回顾，25份符合纳入/排除标准。五项研究提出了低风险的偏见，和5由于缺乏对混杂因素的校正和呈现不完整的结局,因此存在较高的偏倚风险.来自同质研究的汇总数据的荟萃分析表明，早产与足月出生的个体的肌肉厚度和跳跃测试（肌肉力量）显着降低，标准化平均差和置信区间为-0.58（0.27，0.89）和-0.45（0.21，0.69），分别。结论：总体而言，本系统综述总结了有关早产对骨骼肌的影响的现有文献，表明有新的证据表明早产个体，显示其骨骼肌质量和功能发育的改变。这项工作还强调了在理解早产对骨骼肌发育的影响方面存在明显的知识差距。什么是已知的：•早产，发生在骨骼肌发育和成熟的关键时刻，损害不同器官和组织的发育，导致心血管疾病等合并症的风险更高。早产与运动能力下降有关。新增内容:•与足月从婴儿期到成年期出生的个体相比,早产出生的个体显示出肌肉质量和功能的改变。•需要开发预防性或治疗性干预措施以改善早产个体的骨骼肌健康。
