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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Cryptococcal Meningitis (CM), treatment practice, and the associated factors post-introduction of Tenofovir Lamivudine and Dolutegravir (TLD) regimen among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Tanzania.
METHODS: This was an analytical cross-sectional study, and the data was collected retrospectively in three public regional referral hospitals (RRHs) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 405 files of the PLHIV admitted in the medical wards on the TLD regimen from January 2019 to December 2022 were reviewed. The collected information includes the patient\'s demographic characteristics, Cryptococcal status, CD4 level at the time of CM diagnosis, status of using ART, CM treatment approach, and outcome. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 23.
RESULTS: Out of 405 patients, the majority 267(65.9%) were female, 224(55.3%) were aged between 36-55 years, and 293(72.3%) were married. ART defaulters were found to be 37(9.1%). The prevalence of CM was found to be 48(11.9%), out of which 42(87.5%) received fluconazole alone. ART defaulter and marital status significantly (p-value < 0.05) were associated with those who tested CM positive.
CONCLUSIONS: The study found the prevalence of CM among PLHIV to be significantly high and the majority were treated with fluconazole alone. ART defaulters and marital status were significantly associated with one being CM positive. Responsible authorities and stakeholders should enforce guideline adherence and PLHIV should be encouraged on medication adherence.
METHODS: This was an analytical cross-sectional study, and the data was collected retrospectively in three public regional referral hospitals (RRHs) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 405 files of the PLHIV admitted in the medical wards on the TLD regimen from January 2019 to December 2022 were reviewed. The collected information includes the patient\'s demographic characteristics, Cryptococcal status, CD4 level at the time of CM diagnosis, status of using ART, CM treatment approach, and outcome. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 23.
RESULTS: Out of 405 patients, the majority 267(65.9%) were female, 224(55.3%) were aged between 36-55 years, and 293(72.3%) were married. ART defaulters were found to be 37(9.1%). The prevalence of CM was found to be 48(11.9%), out of which 42(87.5%) received fluconazole alone. ART defaulter and marital status significantly (p-value < 0.05) were associated with those who tested CM positive.
CONCLUSIONS: The study found the prevalence of CM among PLHIV to be significantly high and the majority were treated with fluconazole alone. ART defaulters and marital status were significantly associated with one being CM positive. Responsible authorities and stakeholders should enforce guideline adherence and PLHIV should be encouraged on medication adherence.
摘要：
目的：本研究旨在评估隐球菌性脑膜炎（CM）的患病率，治疗实践,以及在坦桑尼亚HIV感染者（PLHIV）中引入替诺福韦拉米夫定和Dolutegravir（TLD）方案后的相关因素。
方法：这是一项分析性横断面研究，数据是在达累斯萨拉姆的三家公立地区转诊医院(RRH)进行回顾性收集的，坦桑尼亚。审查了2019年1月至2022年12月在TLD方案下在医学病房中收治的405份PLHIV档案。收集的信息包括患者的人口统计特征，隐球菌状态,CM诊断时的CD4水平，使用ART的状态，CM治疗方法，和结果。使用SPSS软件版本23分析数据。
结果：在405名患者中，大多数267人(65.9%)是女性，224人(55.3%)年龄在36-55岁之间，293人(72.3%)结婚。ART违约者为37人(9.1%)。发现CM的患病率为48（11.9％），其中42例（87.5%）仅接受氟康唑治疗。ART违约者和婚姻状况（p值<0.05）与CM测试阳性的患者显着相关。
结论：研究发现，在PLHIV中，CM的患病率明显较高，大多数患者单独使用氟康唑治疗。ART违约者和婚姻状况与CM阳性显着相关。负责任的当局和利益相关者应强制遵守指南，并应鼓励PLHIV遵守药物。
方法：这是一项分析性横断面研究，数据是在达累斯萨拉姆的三家公立地区转诊医院(RRH)进行回顾性收集的，坦桑尼亚。审查了2019年1月至2022年12月在TLD方案下在医学病房中收治的405份PLHIV档案。收集的信息包括患者的人口统计特征，隐球菌状态,CM诊断时的CD4水平，使用ART的状态，CM治疗方法，和结果。使用SPSS软件版本23分析数据。
结果：在405名患者中，大多数267人(65.9%)是女性，224人(55.3%)年龄在36-55岁之间，293人(72.3%)结婚。ART违约者为37人(9.1%)。发现CM的患病率为48（11.9％），其中42例（87.5%）仅接受氟康唑治疗。ART违约者和婚姻状况（p值<0.05）与CM测试阳性的患者显着相关。
结论：研究发现，在PLHIV中，CM的患病率明显较高，大多数患者单独使用氟康唑治疗。ART违约者和婚姻状况与CM阳性显着相关。负责任的当局和利益相关者应强制遵守指南，并应鼓励PLHIV遵守药物。
