Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to critically analyze the published literature accounting for sex differences and skeletal age (open vs. closed physis) in preclinical animal models of OA, including the disaggregation of data by sex and skeletal maturity when data is generated from combined sex and/or multi-aged cohorts without proper confounding.
METHODS: A scoping literature review of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and SCOPUS was performed for studies evaluating the effect of sex and age in experimental studies and clinical trials utilizing preclinical large animal models of OA.
RESULTS: A total of 9727 papers were identified in large animal (dog, pig, sheep, goat, horse) models for preclinical OA research, of which 238 ex vivo and/or in vivo studies disclosed model type, animal species, sex, and skeletal age sufficient to analyze their effect on outcomes. Dogs, followed by pigs, sheep, and horses, were the most commonly used models. A paucity of preclinical studies evaluated the effect of sex and age in large animal models of naturally occurring or experimentally induced OA: 26 total studies reported some kind of analysis of the effects of sex or age, with 4 studies discussing the effects of sex only, 11 studies discussing the effects of age only, and 11 studies analyzing both the effects of age and sex.
CONCLUSIONS: Fundamental to translational research, OARSI is uniquely positioned to develop recommendations for conducting preclinical studies using large animal models of OA that consider biological mechanisms linked to sex chromosomes, skeletal age, castration, and gonadal hormones affecting OA pathophysiology and treatment response.
METHODS: A scoping literature review of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and SCOPUS was performed for studies evaluating the effect of sex and age in experimental studies and clinical trials utilizing preclinical large animal models of OA.
RESULTS: A total of 9727 papers were identified in large animal (dog, pig, sheep, goat, horse) models for preclinical OA research, of which 238 ex vivo and/or in vivo studies disclosed model type, animal species, sex, and skeletal age sufficient to analyze their effect on outcomes. Dogs, followed by pigs, sheep, and horses, were the most commonly used models. A paucity of preclinical studies evaluated the effect of sex and age in large animal models of naturally occurring or experimentally induced OA: 26 total studies reported some kind of analysis of the effects of sex or age, with 4 studies discussing the effects of sex only, 11 studies discussing the effects of age only, and 11 studies analyzing both the effects of age and sex.
CONCLUSIONS: Fundamental to translational research, OARSI is uniquely positioned to develop recommendations for conducting preclinical studies using large animal models of OA that consider biological mechanisms linked to sex chromosomes, skeletal age, castration, and gonadal hormones affecting OA pathophysiology and treatment response.
摘要：
目的：目的是批判性地分析已发表的有关性别差异和骨骼年龄的文献（开放与闭合物理）在OA的临床前动物模型中，包括按性别和骨骼成熟度分类的数据，当数据是从组合的性别和/或多年龄队列生成而没有适当的混淆时。
方法：PubMed的范围界定文献综述，WebofScience,EMBASE,在实验研究和临床试验中，使用临床前大型OA动物模型进行了SCOPUS，以评估性别和年龄的影响。
结果：在大型动物（狗，猪,绵羊,山羊,马)临床前OA研究的模型，其中238项离体和/或体内研究披露了模型类型，动物物种,性别,和骨骼年龄足以分析它们对结果的影响。狗,其次是猪，绵羊,和马,是最常用的型号。缺乏临床前研究评估自然发生或实验诱导的OA的大型动物模型中性别和年龄的影响：26项研究报告了对性别或年龄影响的某种分析，有4项研究只讨论性的影响，11项研究仅讨论年龄的影响，11项研究分析了年龄和性别的影响。
结论：转化研究的基础，OARSI具有独特的优势，可以为使用大型OA动物模型进行临床前研究提供建议，该模型考虑与性染色体相关的生物学机制。骨骼年龄,阉割,性腺激素影响OA病理生理和治疗反应。
方法：PubMed的范围界定文献综述，WebofScience,EMBASE,在实验研究和临床试验中，使用临床前大型OA动物模型进行了SCOPUS，以评估性别和年龄的影响。
结果：在大型动物（狗，猪,绵羊,山羊,马)临床前OA研究的模型，其中238项离体和/或体内研究披露了模型类型，动物物种,性别,和骨骼年龄足以分析它们对结果的影响。狗,其次是猪，绵羊,和马,是最常用的型号。缺乏临床前研究评估自然发生或实验诱导的OA的大型动物模型中性别和年龄的影响：26项研究报告了对性别或年龄影响的某种分析，有4项研究只讨论性的影响，11项研究仅讨论年龄的影响，11项研究分析了年龄和性别的影响。
结论：转化研究的基础，OARSI具有独特的优势，可以为使用大型OA动物模型进行临床前研究提供建议，该模型考虑与性染色体相关的生物学机制。骨骼年龄,阉割,性腺激素影响OA病理生理和治疗反应。
