Abstract：
Multiple myeloma is a bone marrow-based plasma cell tumour that develops from asymptomatic pre-cursor conditions smouldering myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance and all are characterised by the presence of a monoclonal protein in the blood. Diagnosis and distinction between these conditions is based on blood tests, the bone marrow biopsy and cross sectional imaging. There are various risk stratification models that group patients with smouldering myeloma into risk groups based on risk of progression to symptomatic disease. Management is mainly observational for patients with smouldering myeloma although clinical trials for high-risk disease may be available. Restaging is required if evidence for progression.
摘要：
多发性骨髓瘤是一种基于骨髓的浆细胞肿瘤，它是从无症状的前兆疾病中发展而来的，这些疾病具有不确定的意义，并且都以血液中存在单克隆蛋白为特征。这些情况的诊断和区分是基于血液检查，骨髓活检和横断面成像。有各种风险分层模型，根据进展为有症状疾病的风险，将阴燃骨髓瘤患者分为风险组。尽管可以进行高危疾病的临床试验，但对阴燃骨髓瘤患者的治疗主要是观察性的。如果有进展的证据，则需要重新进行。
