Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association between COVID-19 vaccination status at the time of COVID-19 onset and long COVID prevalence.
METHODS: We used data from the Michigan COVID-19 Recovery Surveillance Study, a population-based probability sample of adults with COVID-19 (n = 4695). We considered 30-day and 90-day long COVID (illness duration ≥30 or ≥90 days, respectively), using Poisson regression to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) comparing vaccinated (completed an initial series ≥14 days before COVID-19 onset) to unvaccinated individuals (received 0 doses before COVID-19 onset), accounting for differences in age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, employment, health insurance, and rurality/urbanicity. The full unvaccinated comparison group was further divided into historic and concurrent comparison groups based on timing of COVID-19 onset relative to vaccine availability. We used inverse probability of treatment weights to account for sociodemographic differences between groups.
RESULTS: Compared to the full unvaccinated comparison group, the adjusted prevalence of 30-day and 90-day long COVID were lower among vaccinated individuals [PR30-day= 0.57(95%CI:0.49,0.66); PR90-day= 0.42(95%CI:0.34,0.53)]. Estimates were consistent across comparison groups (full, historic, and concurrent).
CONCLUSIONS: Long COVID prevalence was 40-60% lower among adults vaccinated (vs. unvaccinated) prior to their COVID-19 onset. COVID-19 vaccination may be an important tool to reduce the burden of long COVID.
METHODS: We used data from the Michigan COVID-19 Recovery Surveillance Study, a population-based probability sample of adults with COVID-19 (n = 4695). We considered 30-day and 90-day long COVID (illness duration ≥30 or ≥90 days, respectively), using Poisson regression to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) comparing vaccinated (completed an initial series ≥14 days before COVID-19 onset) to unvaccinated individuals (received 0 doses before COVID-19 onset), accounting for differences in age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, employment, health insurance, and rurality/urbanicity. The full unvaccinated comparison group was further divided into historic and concurrent comparison groups based on timing of COVID-19 onset relative to vaccine availability. We used inverse probability of treatment weights to account for sociodemographic differences between groups.
RESULTS: Compared to the full unvaccinated comparison group, the adjusted prevalence of 30-day and 90-day long COVID were lower among vaccinated individuals [PR30-day= 0.57(95%CI:0.49,0.66); PR90-day= 0.42(95%CI:0.34,0.53)]. Estimates were consistent across comparison groups (full, historic, and concurrent).
CONCLUSIONS: Long COVID prevalence was 40-60% lower among adults vaccinated (vs. unvaccinated) prior to their COVID-19 onset. COVID-19 vaccination may be an important tool to reduce the burden of long COVID.
摘要：
目的：评估COVID-19发病时的COVID-19疫苗接种状况与长期COVID流行之间的关系。
方法：我们使用了来自密歇根州COVID-19康复监测研究的数据，基于人群的COVID-19成人概率样本(n=4,695)。我们考虑了30天和90天长的COVID(病程≥30天或≥90天，分别)，使用泊松回归估计患病率（PR），将接种疫苗（在COVID-19发病前≥14天完成初始系列）与未接种疫苗的个体（在COVID-19发病前接受0剂）进行比较，考虑年龄差异，性别,种族和民族,教育,employment,健康保险,和乡村性/城市化。根据COVID-19发病时间相对于疫苗可用性，将完全未接种疫苗的对照组进一步分为历史和并发比较组。我们使用治疗权重的逆概率来解释组间的社会人口统计学差异。
结果：与完全未接种疫苗的对照组相比，在接种疫苗的个体中，30天和90天长COVID的校正患病率较低[PR30天=0.57(95CI:0.49,0.66)；PR90天=0.42(95CI:0.34,0.53)]。各比较组的估计是一致的(完整的，历史,和并发)。
结论：接种疫苗的成年人长期COVID患病率降低了40-60%(与在他们的COVID-19发作之前未接种疫苗)。COVID-19疫苗接种可能是减轻长期COVID负担的重要工具。
方法：我们使用了来自密歇根州COVID-19康复监测研究的数据，基于人群的COVID-19成人概率样本(n=4,695)。我们考虑了30天和90天长的COVID(病程≥30天或≥90天，分别)，使用泊松回归估计患病率（PR），将接种疫苗（在COVID-19发病前≥14天完成初始系列）与未接种疫苗的个体（在COVID-19发病前接受0剂）进行比较，考虑年龄差异，性别,种族和民族,教育,employment,健康保险,和乡村性/城市化。根据COVID-19发病时间相对于疫苗可用性，将完全未接种疫苗的对照组进一步分为历史和并发比较组。我们使用治疗权重的逆概率来解释组间的社会人口统计学差异。
结果：与完全未接种疫苗的对照组相比，在接种疫苗的个体中，30天和90天长COVID的校正患病率较低[PR30天=0.57(95CI:0.49,0.66)；PR90天=0.42(95CI:0.34,0.53)]。各比较组的估计是一致的(完整的，历史,和并发)。
结论：接种疫苗的成年人长期COVID患病率降低了40-60%(与在他们的COVID-19发作之前未接种疫苗)。COVID-19疫苗接种可能是减轻长期COVID负担的重要工具。
