Abstract：
Pig carpal glands play crucial roles in territorial recognition, reproductive behavior, and information exchange; however, their effects on production traits and underlying genetic mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, 1028 pigs from six populations were counted for the carpal gland diverticular numbers (CGDNs) on the left (CGDNL) and right (CGDNR) legs, and their carcass and meat quality traits were assessed. The CGDNs were significantly different among the populations, and Licha Black pigs had a lower CGDN than the Bama Xiang breed. It was also significantly different between sexes, with males having more diverticula than females (p ≤ 0.0391). Moreover, the number was asymmetric, with CGDNR being significantly higher than CGDNL. Notably, CGDNs was significantly correlated with each other in phenotype and genetics and with 24-h pH, 24-h meat color score, 24-h marbling score, fat content, moisture content, sodium salt content, and saturated fatty acid content in phenotype. Furthermore, genome-wide association analyses identified seven SNPs in association with CGDNs at a 5% genome-wide significance level, all of which were located in a 1.78-Mb (35.347-37.129 Mb) region on chromosome 1. CNC10010837 and CNC10010840 were the top SNPs: both had an additive effect of 0.789 ± 0.120 on CGDNR with p = 8.31E-10. These findings provide important insights into the functions and underlying genetic mechanisms of swine carpal glands.
摘要：
猪腕腺在地域识别中起着至关重要的作用，生殖行为,和信息交流；然而，它们对生产性状和潜在遗传机制的影响仍不清楚。在这项研究中,对来自六个群体的1028只猪的左（CGDNL）和右（CGDNR）腿上的腕腺憩室数（CGDNs）进行计数，并对其胴体和肉质性状进行了评价。CGDN在人群中存在显著差异，利查黑猪的CGDN比巴马香品种低。性别差异也很大，男性的憩室比女性多（p≤0.0391）。此外，数字是不对称的，CGDNR显著高于CGDNL。值得注意的是,CGDNs在表型和遗传学上以及与24小时pH值显着相关，24小时肉色评分，24小时大理石花纹得分,脂肪含量，水分含量,钠盐含量，和表型中饱和脂肪酸含量。此外，全基因组关联分析确定了与CGDNs关联的7个SNPs在5%的全基因组显著性水平，所有这些都位于1号染色体上的1.78-Mb（35.347-37.129Mb）区域。CNC10010837和CNC10010840是顶部SNP:两者对CGDNR具有0.789±0.120的累加效应,p=8.31E-10。这些发现为猪腕腺的功能和潜在的遗传机制提供了重要的见解。
