PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
As the largest peripheral lymphoid organ in poultry, the spleen plays an essential role in regulating the body\'s immune capacity. However, compared with chickens and ducks, information about the age- and breed-related changes in the goose spleen remains scarce. In this study, we systematically analyzed and compared the age-dependent changes in the morphological, histological, and transcriptomic characteristics between Landes goose (LG; Anser anser) and Sichuan White goose (SWG; Anser cygnoides). The results showed a gradual increase in the splenic weights for both LG and SWG until week 10, while their splenic organ indexes reached the peak at week 6. Meanwhile, the splenic histological indexes of both goose breeds continuously increased with age, reaching the highest levels at week 30. The red pulp (RP) area was significantly higher in SWG than in LG at week 0, while the splenic corpuscle (AL) diameter was significantly larger in LG than in SWG at week 30. At the transcriptomic level, a total of 1710 and 1266 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between week 0 and week 30 were identified in spleens of LG and SWG, respectively. Meanwhile, a total of 911 and 808 DEGs in spleens between LG and SWG were identified at weeks 0 and 30, respectively. Both GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the age-related DEGs of LG or SWG were dominantly enriched in the Cell cycle, TGF-beta signaling, and Wnt signaling pathways, while most of the breed-related DEGs were enriched in the Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, ECM-receptor interaction, and metabolic pathways. Furthermore, through construction of protein-protein interaction networks using significant DEGs, it was inferred that three hub genes including BUB1, BUB1B, and TTK could play crucial roles in regulating age-dependent goose spleen development while GRIA2, GRIA4, and RYR2 could be crucial for the breed-specific goose spleen development. These data provide novel insights into the splenic developmental differences between Chinese and European domestic geese, and the identified crucial pathways and genes are helpful for a better understanding of the mechanisms regulating goose immune functions.
摘要：
作为禽类中最大的外周淋巴器官,脾脏在调节人体的免疫能力方面起着至关重要的作用。然而,与鸡和鸭相比，有关鹅脾脏年龄和品种相关变化的信息仍然很少。在这项研究中,我们系统分析和比较了年龄依赖性的形态学变化，组织学,Landes鹅（LG；Anseranser）和四川白鹅（SWG；Ansercygnoides）的转录组学特征。结果显示，直到第10周，LG和SWG的脾重量都逐渐增加，而其脾器官指数在第6周达到峰值。同时,两个鹅品种的脾组织学指标均随年龄增长而持续升高，在第30周达到最高水平。在第0周，SWG的红髓（RP）面积明显高于LG，而在第30周，LG的脾小体（AL）直径明显大于SWG。在转录组水平，在第0周和第30周之间，在LG和SWG的脾脏中总共鉴定出1710和1266个差异表达基因（DEG），分别。同时,在第0周和第30周,LG和SWG之间的脾脏中分别发现911和808个DEG.GO和KEGG富集分析均显示，与年龄相关的LG或SWG的DEGs在细胞周期中显著富集，TGF-β信号,和Wnt信号通路，虽然大多数品种相关的DEGs富含神经活性配体-受体相互作用，细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用,ECM-受体相互作用，和代谢途径。此外，通过使用显著的DEG构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络，推断三个hub基因包括BUB1、BUB1B、TTK可能在调节年龄依赖性鹅脾脏发育中起关键作用，而GRIA2，GRIA4和RYR2可能对品种特异性鹅脾脏发育至关重要。这些数据为中国和欧洲家鹅之间的脾脏发育差异提供了新的见解，确定的关键途径和基因有助于更好地理解调节鹅免疫功能的机制。
