PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes and is one of the primary causes of blindness in the working-age population in Europe and the United States. At present, no cure is available for DR, but early detection and timely intervention can prevent the rapid progression of the disease. Several treatments for DR are known, primarily ophthalmic treatment based on glycemia, blood pressure, and lipid control, which includes laser photocoagulation, glucocorticoids, vitrectomy, and antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications. Despite the clinical efficacy of the aforementioned therapies, none of them can entirely shorten the clinical course of DR or reverse retinopathy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are vital regulators of gene expression and participate in cell growth, differentiation, development, and apoptosis. MicroRNAs have been shown to play a significant role in DR, particularly in the molecular mechanisms of inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. The aim of this review is to systematically summarize the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of miRNAs involved in the occurrence and development of DR, mainly from the pathogenesis of oxidative stress, inflammation, and neovascularization. Meanwhile, this article also discusses the research progress and application of miRNA-specific therapies for DR.
摘要：
糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病的严重微血管并发症，是欧洲和美国工作年龄人群失明的主要原因之一。目前,没有治疗DR的方法，但是早期发现和及时干预可以防止疾病的快速进展。DR的几种治疗方法是已知的，主要是基于血糖的眼科治疗，血压,和脂质控制，其中包括激光光凝，糖皮质激素,玻璃体切除术,和抗血管内皮生长因子（抗VEGF）药物。尽管上述疗法的临床疗效，它们都不能完全缩短DR的临床病程或逆转视网膜病变。microRNAs(miRNAs)是基因表达的重要调控因子,参与细胞生长,分化,发展,和凋亡。MicroRNAs已被证明在DR中起重要作用，特别是在炎症的分子机制中，氧化应激，和神经变性。本文综述了miRNA在DR发生发展过程中的信号通路和分子机制。主要从氧化应激的发病机理,炎症,和新血管形成。同时,本文还讨论了miRNA特异性治疗DR的研究进展和应用。
