PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Dietary intakes of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (O3LC-PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid are central to development and health across the life course. O3LC-PUFAs have been linked to neurological development, maternal and child health and the etiology of certain non-communicable diseases including age-related cognitive decline, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. However, dietary inadequacies exist in the United Kingdom and on a wider global scale. One predominant dietary source of O3LC-PUFAs is fish and fish oils. However, growing concerns about overfishing, oceanic contaminants such as dioxins and microplastics and the trend towards plant-based diets appear to be acting as cumulative barriers to O3LC-PUFAs from these food sources. Microalgae are an alternative provider of O3LC-PUFA-rich oils. The delivery of these into food systems is gaining interest. The present narrative review aims to discuss the present barriers to obtaining suitable levels of O3LC-PUFAs for health and wellbeing. It then discusses potential ways forward focusing on innovative delivery methods to utilize O3LC-PUFA-rich oils including the use of fortification strategies, bioengineered plants, microencapsulation, and microalgae.
摘要：
饮食摄入omega-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（O3LC-PUFA），例如二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸，对于整个生命过程的发育和健康至关重要。O3LC-PUFA与神经发育有关，母婴健康和某些非传染性疾病的病因，包括与年龄相关的认知能力下降，心血管疾病,和糖尿病。然而,英国和更广泛的全球范围内存在饮食不足。O3LC-PUFA的一个主要膳食来源是鱼和鱼油。然而,人们越来越担心过度捕捞，二恶英和微塑料等海洋污染物以及植物性饮食的趋势似乎是这些食物来源对O3LC-PUFA的累积障碍。微藻是富含O3LC-PUFA的油的替代供应商。将这些物质输送到食物系统中正在引起人们的兴趣。本叙述性综述旨在讨论目前为健康和福祉获得合适水平的O3LC-PUFA的障碍。然后讨论了未来的潜在方式，重点关注创新的输送方法，以利用富含O3LC-PUFA的油，包括使用强化策略，生物工程植物，微囊化,和微藻。
