PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancers worldwide. The 5-year overall survival rate for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is estimated at around 26%, whereas for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), the survival rate is only approximately 7%. This disease places a significant financial and psychological burden on individuals worldwide. The symbiotic microbiota in the human body has been significantly associated with the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of various diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis. Studies have demonstrated that respiratory symbiotic microorganisms and their metabolites play a crucial role in modulating immune function and contributing to the pathophysiology of lung cancer through their interactions with the host. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the microbial characteristics associated with lung cancer, with a focus on the respiratory tract microbiota from different locations, including saliva, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), bronchial brush samples, and tissue. We describe the respiratory tract microbiota\'s biodiversity characteristics by anatomical region, elucidating distinct pathological features, staging, metastasis, host chromosomal mutations, immune therapies, and the differentiated symbiotic microbiota under the influence of environmental factors. Our exploration investigates the intrinsic mechanisms linking the microbiota and its host. Furthermore, we have also provided a comprehensive review of the immune mechanisms by which microbiota are implicated in the development of lung cancer. Dysbiosis of the respiratory microbiota can promote or inhibit tumor progression through various mechanisms, including DNA damage and genomic instability, activation and regulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems, and stimulation of epithelial cells leading to the upregulation of carcinogenesis-related pathways.
摘要：
肺癌在全世界所有癌症中死亡率最高。非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的5年总生存率估计约为26％。而对于小细胞肺癌（SCLC），存活率仅为7%左右。这种疾病给全世界的个人带来了巨大的经济和心理负担。人体内的共生微生物群已经与发生显著相关,programming,和各种疾病的预后，比如哮喘,慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD),囊性纤维化.研究表明，呼吸道共生微生物及其代谢产物通过与宿主的相互作用，在调节免疫功能和促进肺癌的病理生理中起着至关重要的作用。在这次审查中,我们提供了与肺癌相关的微生物特征的全面概述，关注不同地点的呼吸道微生物群，包括唾液,痰,支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF），支气管刷样本，和组织。我们通过解剖区域描述呼吸道微生物群的生物多样性特征，阐明不同的病理特征，分期,转移,宿主染色体突变，免疫疗法,以及环境因素影响下分化的共生微生物群。我们的探索研究了微生物群及其宿主之间的内在机制。此外，我们还对微生物群参与肺癌发展的免疫机制进行了全面综述.呼吸道微生物群的菌群失调可以通过各种机制促进或抑制肿瘤的进展。包括DNA损伤和基因组不稳定,先天和适应性免疫系统的激活和调节，和刺激上皮细胞导致致癌相关途径的上调。
