Abstract：
Abandoned Mine Lands (AMLs) are areas where previous mineral extraction or processing has occurred. Hundreds of thousands of AMLs exist within the United States. Contaminated runoff from AMLs can negatively affect the physiology and ecology of surrounding terrestrial and aquatic habitats and species and can be detrimental to human health. As a response, several U.S. federal and state agencies have launched programs to assess health risks associated with AMLs. In some cases, however, AMLs may be beneficial to specific wildlife taxa. There is a relative paucity of studies investigating the physiological and ecological impacts of AMLs on wildlife. We conducted a systematic review examining published scientific articles that assessed the negative and positive impacts of AMLs across invertebrate and vertebrate taxa. We also offer suggestions on evaluating AMLs to develop effective mitigation strategies that reduce their negative tole on human and wildlife communities. Peer-reviewed publications were screened across WebofScience, PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Abandoned mine lands were generally detrimental to wildlife, with adverse effects ranging from bioaccumulation of heavy metals to decreased ecological fitness. Conversely, AMLs were an overall benefit to imperiled bat populations and could serve as tools for conservation. Studies were unevenly distributed across different wildlife taxa groups, echoing the necessity for additional taxonomically diverse research. We suggest that standardized wildlife survey methods be used to assess how different species utilize AMLs. Federal and state agencies can use these surveys to establish effective remediation plans for individual AML sites and minimize the risks to both wildlife and humans.
摘要：
废弃矿山（AML）是先前进行过矿物开采或加工的地区。在美国存在成千上万的AMLs。AML污染的径流会对周围陆地和水生生境和物种的生理和生态产生负面影响，并可能对人类健康有害。作为回应，一些美国联邦和州机构已经启动了评估与AMLs相关的健康风险的计划.在某些情况下,然而,AMLs可能对特定的野生动物类群有益。调查AMLs对野生动物的生理和生态影响的研究相对较少。我们进行了系统的审查，研究了已发表的科学文章，这些文章评估了AMLs对无脊椎动物和脊椎动物分类群的负面影响和积极影响。我们还提供有关评估AMLs的建议，以制定有效的缓解策略，以减少其对人类和野生动植物群落的负面影响。同行评审的出版物在WebofScience中进行了筛选，PubMed和GoogleScholar数据库。废弃的地雷通常对野生动物有害，不利影响范围从重金属的生物积累到生态适应性下降。相反，AMLs对受到威胁的蝙蝠种群具有整体利益，可以作为保护工具。研究在不同的野生动物类群中分布不均，呼应了额外的分类学多样化研究的必要性。我们建议使用标准化的野生动物调查方法来评估不同物种如何利用AMLs。联邦和州机构可以利用这些调查为各个反洗钱网站制定有效的补救计划，并将野生动物和人类的风险降至最低。
