Abstract：
Myopia is a worldwide public health problem of vision disorder caused by multiple factors, which has posed a huge socioeconomic burden, raising concerns about sight-threatening ocular complications. Vitamin D, as a kind of fat-soluble vitamin, related to time-spent-outdoors, has been considered by extensive studies to have potential relationship with myopia. We reviewed studies published in a decade which estimated the association of blood vitamin D status with myopia and summarized the universality and individuality of all research articles. Several research articles suggested the known environmental risk factors of myopia, including age, gender, ethnicity, education level, parental and school conditions, time-spent-outdoors, and sunlight exposure, and recent epidemiological studies demonstrate that increased vitamin D levels, by virtue of the extended outdoor time, may be an important modifiable factor and a protective effect that delay the progression of myopia in children and adolescents rather than in adults. The genetic studies have been conducted to get access to the evidence of gene polymorphism for explaining the association of serum vitamin D status and myopia, but the precise genetic interpretation of vitamin D and myopia remains unclear so far; on the other hand, the possible mechanisms are various like copolymerization mechanism, calcium homeostasis and imbalance of ciliary muscle function regulation, but nearly all of the investigators are inclined to remain skeptical. This article reviews the age-related epidemiological proofs, existent genetics correlations, possible underlying biological mechanisms and further values for the protective association between vitamin D and myopia, providing the possibility of prevention or postponement for myopia.
摘要：
近视是由多种因素引起的视力障碍的世界性公共卫生问题,造成了巨大的社会经济负担，引起人们对危及视力的眼部并发症的担忧。维生素D,作为一种脂溶性维生素，与花时间在户外有关，广泛的研究认为与近视有潜在的关系。我们回顾了十年来发表的研究，这些研究估计了血液维生素D状态与近视的关系，并总结了所有研究文章的普遍性和个性。几篇研究文章提出了近视的已知环境危险因素，包括年龄,性别,种族,教育水平,父母和学校条件，花时间在户外，和阳光照射，最近的流行病学研究表明，维生素D水平升高，由于户外时间的延长，可能是一个重要的可改变的因素和保护作用，可以延缓儿童和青少年而不是成人的近视进展。已经进行了遗传研究，以获得基因多态性的证据来解释血清维生素D状态与近视的关联，但到目前为止，维生素D和近视的精确基因解释仍不清楚；另一方面，可能的机制有多种，如共聚机制，钙稳态和睫状肌功能调节失衡，但是几乎所有的调查人员都倾向于保持怀疑。本文回顾了与年龄相关的流行病学证据，存在的遗传学相关性，可能的潜在生物学机制和维生素D与近视之间的保护性关联的进一步价值，提供预防或推迟近视的可能性。
