Abstract：
The phosphoramide phosphorus ester phosphate ammonium (PPEPA) flame retardant was synthesized by phosphorus oxychloride and ethanolamine, and its structure was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Cotton textiles treated with 20 wt% PPEPA (CT-PPEPA3) would have high durability and flame retardance. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of CT-PPEPA3 was found to be 46.5 %, while after undergoing 50 laundering cycles (LCs) following the AATCC 61-2013 3 A standard, the LOI only decreased to 31.4 %. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses suggested the penetration of PPEPA molecules into the interior of cotton fibers, resulting in a minor alteration of the cellulose crystal structure. The excellent durability, FTIR, and energy-dispersive X-ray of CT-PPEPA3 provided evidence for the formation of -N-P(=O)-O-C- and -O-P(=O)-O-C- covalent bonds between the PPEPA molecules and cellulose. The -N-P(=O)-O-C- bond exhibited a p-π conjugation effect, leading to enhanced stability and improved durability of the flame-retardant cotton textiles. Vertical flame, thermogravimetric, and cone calorimetry tests demonstrated that the CT-PPEPA3 underwent condensed-phase and synergistic flame retardation. Additionally, these finished cotton textiles retained adequate breaking strength and softness, making them suitable for various applications. In conclusion, the incorporation of the -N-P(=O)-ONH4 group into the phosphorus ester phosphate ammonium flame retardant demonstrated effective enhancement of the fire resistance and durability of treated cotton textiles.
摘要：
以三氯氧磷和乙醇胺为原料合成了磷酰胺磷酯磷酸铵(PPEPA)阻燃剂,并通过核磁共振和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对其结构进行了表征。用20wt%PPEPA(CT-PPEPA3)处理的棉织物将具有高耐久性和阻燃性。CT-PPEPA3的极限氧指数(LOI)为46.5%,在按照AATCC61-20133A标准进行50个洗涤周期(LC)后，LOI仅降至31.4%。扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析表明，PPEPA分子渗透到棉纤维内部，导致纤维素晶体结构的微小改变。优异的耐久性，FTIR,CT-PPEPA3的能量色散X射线提供了在PPEPA分子和纤维素之间形成-N-P（=O）-O-C-和-O-P（=O）-O-C-共价键的证据。-N-P(=O)-O-C-键表现出p-π共轭效应,导致增强的稳定性和改进的耐久性的阻燃棉织物。垂直火焰,热重分析,和锥形量热法测试表明，CT-PPEPA3经历了凝聚相和协同阻燃。此外,这些成品棉纺织品保留了足够的断裂强度和柔软度，使它们适用于各种应用。总之,将-N-P（=O）-ONH4基团掺入磷酸磷酯铵阻燃剂中证明了处理过的棉纺织品的阻燃性和耐久性的有效提高。
