Abstract：
Apathy is a behavioral symptom prevalent both in neuropsychiatric pathologies and in the healthy population. However, the knowledge of the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying apathy is still very limited, even if clinical and fMRI data support the existence of three forms of apathy (executive, emotional, initiative). These forms could be explained by the alteration of specific mechanisms. This present study\'s aim is to specify the cognitive and neuronal mechanisms of executive and emotional apathy. We used an EEG study conducted on 68 subjects comprising two groups of young people with specific executive or emotional phenotypes of apathy and one group with no apathy. Despite having symptom of apathy, participants were free of any neurological, metabolic, or psychiatric diagnoses and with high education. Two tasks were used: the DPX for cognitive control and the MID for motivation. Our results showed that distinct mechanisms underlie these two forms of apathy, and, for the first time, we specified these mechanisms. A deficit of the proactive control mode, reflected by a reduced probe-N2 amplitude in AY trials, underlies the executive form of apathy (p < .03), whereas liking motivational blunting, highlighted by a reduced LPP amplitude for financial loss, characterizes the emotional form (p < .04). The main limit of the results is that generalizability to the general population may be reduced since the apathetic samples were chosen for having a specific form of apathy. To conclude, better knowledge of these mechanisms informs new, more targeted treatments, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, necessary for reducing the debilitating consequences of apathy.
摘要：
冷漠是神经精神疾病和健康人群中普遍存在的行为症状。然而,关于冷漠的认知和神经机制的知识仍然非常有限，即使临床和功能磁共振成像数据支持三种形式的冷漠(执行，情感,倡议)。这些形式可以通过特定机制的改变来解释。本研究的目的是明确执行和情绪冷漠的认知和神经元机制。我们使用了对68名受试者进行的EEG研究，其中包括两组具有特定执行或情感表型的冷漠的年轻人和一组没有冷漠的年轻人。尽管有冷漠的症状，参与者没有任何神经系统，新陈代谢，或精神病诊断和受过高等教育。使用了两个任务：DPX用于认知控制，MID用于动机。我们的结果表明，这两种形式的冷漠背后有不同的机制，and,第一次,我们指定了这些机制。主动控制模式的缺陷，在AY试验中由减小的探针N2振幅反映，冷漠的执行形式的基础(p<.03)，而喜欢动机钝化，以财务损失的LPP振幅降低为重点，表征情绪形式(p<.04)。结果的主要限制是，由于选择了冷漠样本以具有特定形式的冷漠，因此可能会降低对普通人群的普适性。最后，更好地了解这些机制，更有针对性的治疗,药理学和非药理学，减少冷漠的衰弱后果所必需的。
