Abstract：
The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on physical fitness, physiological variables and body composition of postmenopausal women. The present systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and was registered in PROSPERO. A total of 12 studies were included. The literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO. Randomized control trials were included. Two blinded investigators performed the search, study selection and data collection, and assessed the quality and risk of bias. A random-effects model was used for all analyses. Compared to the control group, resistance training produced a significant improvement in maximal oxygen volume (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 2.32, p < 0.001), lower extremity strength (SMD = 4.70, p < 0.001) and upper extremity strength (SMD = 7.42, p < 0.001). The results obtained in the systematic review and meta-analysis confirm the benefits of resistance training on physical fitness in postmenopausal women, although there is more debate regarding its influence on bone mineral density, and anthropometric and derived variables. This work provides a solid starting point for promoting resistance training at a frequency of 3 days per week, in 60-min sessions, with the aim of improving parameters directly related to quality of life, functionality and disease prevention of postmenopausal women.
摘要：
这项系统评价与荟萃分析的目的是评估阻力训练对身体素质的影响。绝经后妇女的生理变量和身体成分。本系统评价是根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明进行的，并在PROSPERO中注册。共纳入12项研究。文献检索在PubMed，WebofScience和EBSCO。纳入随机对照试验。两名失明的调查人员进行了搜查，研究选择和数据收集，并评估偏差的质量和风险。随机效应模型用于所有分析。与对照组相比,阻力训练产生了最大氧容量的显著改善(标准化平均差[SMD]=2.32,p<0.001),下肢力量(SMD=4.70,p<0.001)和上肢力量(SMD=7.42,p<0.001)。在系统评价和荟萃分析中获得的结果证实了阻力训练对绝经后妇女的身体素质的益处。尽管关于它对骨密度的影响还有更多的争论，以及人体测量和派生变量。这项工作为促进每周3天的阻力训练提供了坚实的起点，在60分钟的会议中，为了改善与生活质量直接相关的参数，绝经后妇女的功能和疾病预防。
