PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Worldwide, more than 39 million individuals are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 296 million with chronic hepatitis B (HBV), and 58 million with chronic hepatitis C (HCV). Despite successful treatments for these blood-borne viruses (BBVs), >1.7 million people die per annum. To combat this, the World Health Organization recommended implementing triple testing for HIV, HBV, and HCV. This systematic review aims to provide evidence for this policy, by identifying the prevalence of these BBVs and discussing the costs of available triple tests.
UNASSIGNED: Medline, Embase, and Global Health were searched to identify articles published between 1 January and 24 February 2023. Included studies reported the prevalence of HIV (anti-HIV 1/2 antibodies), HBV (hepatitis B surface antigen) and HCV (anti-HCV antibodies). Results were stratified into risk groups: blood donors, general population, healthcare attendees, individuals experiencing homelessness, men who have sex with men, people who use drugs, pregnant people, prisoners, and refugees and immigrants.
UNASSIGNED: One hundred seventy-five studies sampling >14 million individuals were included. The mean prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV was 0.22% (standard deviation [SD], 7.71%), 1.09% (SD, 5.80%) and 0.65% (SD, 14.64%) respectively. The mean number of individuals testing positive for at least 1 BBV was 1.90% (SD, 16.82%). Therefore, under triple testing, for every individual diagnosed with HIV, another 5 would be diagnosed with HBV and 3 with HCV. Testing for all 3 viruses is available for US$2.48, marginally more expensive than the lowest-priced isolated HIV test ($1.00).
UNASSIGNED: This article highlights a potential avenue for healthcare improvement by implementing combination testing programs. Hopefully, this will help to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal of elimination of these BBV epidemics by 2030.
UNASSIGNED: Medline, Embase, and Global Health were searched to identify articles published between 1 January and 24 February 2023. Included studies reported the prevalence of HIV (anti-HIV 1/2 antibodies), HBV (hepatitis B surface antigen) and HCV (anti-HCV antibodies). Results were stratified into risk groups: blood donors, general population, healthcare attendees, individuals experiencing homelessness, men who have sex with men, people who use drugs, pregnant people, prisoners, and refugees and immigrants.
UNASSIGNED: One hundred seventy-five studies sampling >14 million individuals were included. The mean prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV was 0.22% (standard deviation [SD], 7.71%), 1.09% (SD, 5.80%) and 0.65% (SD, 14.64%) respectively. The mean number of individuals testing positive for at least 1 BBV was 1.90% (SD, 16.82%). Therefore, under triple testing, for every individual diagnosed with HIV, another 5 would be diagnosed with HBV and 3 with HCV. Testing for all 3 viruses is available for US$2.48, marginally more expensive than the lowest-priced isolated HIV test ($1.00).
UNASSIGNED: This article highlights a potential avenue for healthcare improvement by implementing combination testing programs. Hopefully, this will help to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal of elimination of these BBV epidemics by 2030.
摘要：
■全球，超过3900万人患有人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），2.96亿慢性乙型肝炎（HBV），和5800万慢性丙型肝炎（HCV）。尽管成功治疗了这些血液传播病毒（BBV），每年有170万人死亡。为了解决这个问题，世界卫生组织建议对艾滋病毒进行三重检测，HBV,和HCV。本系统综述旨在为这一政策提供证据，通过确定这些BBV的患病率并讨论可用的三重测试的成本。
■Medline，Embase,和全球健康进行了搜索，以确定2023年1月1日至2月24日发表的文章。纳入的研究报告了HIV的患病率（抗HIV1/2抗体），HBV（乙型肝炎表面抗原）和HCV（抗HCV抗体）。结果分为风险组：献血者，一般人口,医疗保健参与者，经历无家可归的人，和男人发生性关系的男人,吸毒的人，孕妇,囚犯,难民和移民。
■纳入了一百七十五项抽样>1400万人的研究。艾滋病毒的平均流行率，HBV,HCV为0.22%(标准偏差[SD]，7.71%），1.09%(标准差，5.80%)和0.65%(标准差，14.64%）分别。对至少1个BBV呈阳性的个体的平均数为1.90%(SD，16.82%）。因此,在三重测试下，对于每个被诊断出感染艾滋病毒的人，另外5将被诊断为HBV和3与HCV。所有3种病毒的检测费用为2.48美元，比价格最低的分离HIV检测(1.00美元)贵一点。
■本文重点介绍了通过实施组合测试程序来改善医疗保健的潜在途径。希望,这将有助于实现到2030年消除这些BBV流行病的可持续发展目标。
■Medline，Embase,和全球健康进行了搜索，以确定2023年1月1日至2月24日发表的文章。纳入的研究报告了HIV的患病率（抗HIV1/2抗体），HBV（乙型肝炎表面抗原）和HCV（抗HCV抗体）。结果分为风险组：献血者，一般人口,医疗保健参与者，经历无家可归的人，和男人发生性关系的男人,吸毒的人，孕妇,囚犯,难民和移民。
■纳入了一百七十五项抽样>1400万人的研究。艾滋病毒的平均流行率，HBV,HCV为0.22%(标准偏差[SD]，7.71%），1.09%(标准差，5.80%)和0.65%(标准差，14.64%）分别。对至少1个BBV呈阳性的个体的平均数为1.90%(SD，16.82%）。因此,在三重测试下，对于每个被诊断出感染艾滋病毒的人，另外5将被诊断为HBV和3与HCV。所有3种病毒的检测费用为2.48美元，比价格最低的分离HIV检测(1.00美元)贵一点。
■本文重点介绍了通过实施组合测试程序来改善医疗保健的潜在途径。希望,这将有助于实现到2030年消除这些BBV流行病的可持续发展目标。
