Abstract：
The establishment of an osseointegration is crucial for the long-term stability and functionality of implant materials, and early angiogenesis is the key to successful osseointegration. However, the bioinertness of titanium implants affects osseointegration, limiting their clinical application. In this study, inspired by the rapid polarization of macrophages following the phagocytosis of bacteria, we developed bacteroid cerium oxide particles; these particles were composed of CeO2 and had a size similar to that of Bacillus (0.5 μ m). These particles were constructed on the implant surfaces using a hydrothermal method. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the particles effectively decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in macrophages (RAW264.7). Furthermore, these particles exerted effects on M1 macrophage polarization, enhanced nitric oxide (NO) secretion to promote vascular regeneration, and facilitated rapid macrophage transition to the M2 phenotype. Subsequently, the particles facilitated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration. In vivo studies showed that these particles rapidly stimulated innate immune responses in animal models, leading to enhanced angiogenesis around the implant and improved osseointegration. In summary, the presence of bacteroid cerium oxide particles on the implant surface regulated and accelerated macrophage polarization, thereby enhancing angiogenesis during the immune response and improving peri-implant osseointegration.
摘要：
骨整合的建立对于植入材料的长期稳定性和功能性至关重要。早期血管生成是成功骨整合的关键。然而,钛植入物的生物惰性影响骨整合，限制其临床应用。在这项研究中,受细菌吞噬后巨噬细胞快速极化的启发，我们开发了类细菌氧化铈颗粒；这些颗粒由CeO2组成，大小与芽孢杆菌相似（0.5μm）。使用水热法在植入物表面上构建这些颗粒。体外实验表明，该颗粒有效降低了巨噬细胞中的活性氧（ROS）水平（RAW264.7）。此外，这些颗粒对M1巨噬细胞极化产生影响，增强一氧化氮（NO）分泌促进血管再生，并促进巨噬细胞向M2表型的快速转变。随后，颗粒促进人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）迁移。体内研究表明，这些颗粒在动物模型中迅速刺激先天免疫反应，导致植入物周围血管生成增强并改善骨整合。总之,植入物表面有菌类氧化铈颗粒的存在调节和加速了巨噬细胞的极化，从而在免疫反应期间增强血管生成并改善种植体周围骨整合。
