PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Varicose veins are a common vascular condition known for causing discomfort and cosmetic concerns. This comprehensive narrative review delves into their anatomy, pathophysiology, and modern treatment options, with a focus on endovenous techniques and sclerotherapy. The review starts by emphasizing the intricate anatomy of lower extremity venous circulation, underlining the significance of both superficial and deep venous networks in venous return. It also addresses how changes in the venous wall, including valvular insufficiency, contribute to the development of varicose veins. Endovenous techniques like endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and mechanochemical endovenous ablation (MOCA) are explored in detail. These minimally invasive procedures have revolutionized varicose vein treatment, offering high success rates and quicker recovery compared to traditional surgery. The review also highlights their efficacy and safety profiles, aiding clinicians in informed decision-making. Sclerotherapy, a vital modality for varicose veins, is thoroughly examined, covering both liquid and foam sclerotherapy. Foam sclerotherapy, in particular, is recognized for its improved outcomes. The review provides a comprehensive comparison of these treatment modalities, highlighting differences in technical success, recurrence rates, and cost-effectiveness. Patient preferences and satisfaction play a significant role in choosing the right treatment. Safety and potential complications associated with these treatments are explored, with a focus on minor issues and rare adverse events. This review also emphasizes the positive impact of varicose vein interventions on patients\' quality of life.
摘要：
静脉曲张是一种常见的血管疾病，已知会引起不适和美容问题。这篇全面的叙事回顾深入研究了他们的解剖学，病理生理学,和现代治疗选择，专注于静脉内技术和硬化治疗。该综述首先强调下肢静脉循环的复杂解剖结构，强调浅静脉和深静脉网络在静脉回流中的重要性。它还解决了静脉壁的变化，包括瓣膜功能不全,有助于静脉曲张的发展。静脉内技术，如腔内激光消融（EVLA），射频消融(RFA),并对机械化学腔内消融（MOCA）进行了详细探讨。这些微创手术彻底改变了静脉曲张治疗，与传统手术相比，具有较高的成功率和较快的恢复速度。审查还强调了它们的功效和安全性，帮助临床医生做出明智的决策。硬化疗法,静脉曲张的重要形态，被彻底检查，覆盖液体和泡沫硬化疗法。泡沫硬化疗法,特别是,因其改进的结果而得到认可。该综述提供了这些治疗方式的全面比较，突出技术成功的差异，复发率,和成本效益。患者的偏好和满意度在选择正确的治疗中起着重要作用。探讨了与这些治疗相关的安全性和潜在并发症，重点关注次要问题和罕见不良事件。这篇综述还强调了静脉曲张干预对患者生活质量的积极影响。
