Abstract：
Fungicides are specifically used for controlling fungal infections. Strobilurins, a class of fungicides originating from the mushroom Strobilurus tenacellus, act on the fungal mitochondrial respiratory chain, interrupting the ATP cycle and causing oxidative stress. Although strobilurins are little soluble in water, they have been detected in water samples (such as rainwater and drinking water), indoor dust, and sediments, and they can bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. Strobilurins are usually absorbed orally and are mainly eliminated via the bile/fecal route and urine, but information about their metabolites is lacking. Strobilurins have low mammalian toxicity; however, they exert severe toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are the main mechanisms related to the genotoxic damage elicited by toxic compounds, such as strobilurins. These mechanisms alter genes and cause other dysfunctions, including hormonal, cardiac, neurological, and immunological impairment. Despite limitations, we have been able to compile literature information about strobilurins. Many studies have dealt with their toxic effects, but further investigations are needed to clarify their cellular and underlying mechanisms, which will help to find ways to minimize the harmful effects of these compounds.
摘要：
杀菌剂特别用于控制真菌感染。Strobilurins,一类源自蘑菇Strobilurustenacellus的杀菌剂，作用于真菌线粒体呼吸链，中断ATP循环并引起氧化应激。虽然球藻素几乎不溶于水，它们在水样(如雨水和饮用水)中被检测到，室内灰尘,和沉积物,它们可以在水生生物中生物积累。Strobilurins通常口服吸收，主要通过胆汁/粪便途径和尿液消除，但是缺乏有关其代谢物的信息。Strobilurins具有低哺乳动物毒性;然而，它们对水生生物产生严重的毒性作用。线粒体功能障碍和氧化应激是毒性化合物引起的基因毒性损伤的主要机制,如球藻素。这些机制改变基因并导致其他功能障碍，包括荷尔蒙，心脏,神经学,和免疫损伤。尽管有局限性,我们已经能够收集有关球藻素的文献信息。许多研究已经处理了它们的毒性作用，但是需要进一步的研究来澄清它们的细胞和潜在机制，这将有助于找到将这些化合物的有害影响降至最低的方法。
