Abstract：
Fluorescein itself is a synthetic organic compound and a prominent member of the xanthene dye family. It exhibits strong fluorescence under ultraviolet (UV) or blue light excitation, making it widely used in various applications, including fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, immunoassays, and molecular biology techniques. One of the reasons fluorescein derivatives are highly valuable is their tunable fluorescence properties. Through chemical modifications of the fluorescein structure, different functional groups or substituents can be introduce, altering the compound\'s fluorescence characteristics such as emission wavelength, intensity, and photo stability. This flexibility allows for tailoring of fluorescent probes to specific experimental requirements, enhancing their utility in a range of scientific disciplines. Fluorescein derivatives also possess excellent antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. This review sheds light on the significant impact of fluorescein derivatives as biological active compounds, highlighting their potential in designing new therapeutic agents with antimicrobial properties. Additionally, their role as antioxidants is discussed. A major aspect covered in the review is the application of fluorescein derivatives as powerful cell imaging probes. Their unique fluorescent properties make them valuable tools for visualizing cellular structures and processes, opening up new possibilities for studying cellular dynamics and interactions.
摘要：
荧光素本身是一种合成的有机化合物，是氧杂蒽染料家族的重要成员。它在紫外线（UV）或蓝光激发下表现出强烈的荧光，使其广泛用于各种应用，包括荧光显微镜,流式细胞术,免疫测定，和分子生物学技术。荧光素衍生物非常有价值的原因之一是它们可调谐的荧光性质。通过荧光素结构的化学修饰，可以引入不同的官能团或取代基，改变化合物的荧光特性，如发射波长，强度,照片稳定性。这种灵活性允许根据特定的实验要求定制荧光探针，增强它们在一系列科学学科中的效用。荧光素衍生物还具有优异的抗微生物和抗氧化活性。本文综述了荧光素衍生物作为生物活性化合物的重要影响，强调他们在设计具有抗菌特性的新治疗剂方面的潜力。此外,讨论了它们作为抗氧化剂的作用。该综述涵盖的一个主要方面是荧光素衍生物作为强大的细胞成像探针的应用。它们独特的荧光特性使它们成为可视化细胞结构和过程的有价值的工具，为研究细胞动力学和相互作用开辟了新的可能性。
