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Abstract：
Nowadays, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) still has a high mortality rate, and the alleviation and treatment of ARDS remains a major research focus. There are various causes of ARDS, among which pneumonia and non-pulmonary sepsis are the most common. Trauma and blood transfusion can also cause ARDS. In ARDS, the aggregation and infiltration of neutrophils in the lungs have a great influence on the development of the disease. Neutrophils regulate inflammatory responses through various pathways, and the release of neutrophils through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is considered to be one of the most important mechanisms. NETs are mainly composed of DNA, histones, and granuloproteins, all of which can mediate downstream signaling pathways that can activate inflammatory responses, generate immune clots, and cause damage to surrounding tissues. At the same time, the components of NETs can also promote the formation and release of NETs, thus forming a vicious cycle that continuously aggravates the progression of the disease. NETs are also associated with cytokine storms and immune balance. Since DNA is the main component of NETs, DNase I is considered a viable drug for removing NETs. Other therapeutic methods to inhibit the formation of NETs are also worthy of further exploration. This review discusses the formation and mechanism of NETs in ARDS. Understanding the association between NETs and ARDS may help to develop new perspectives on the treatment of ARDS.
摘要：
如今,急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)仍有较高的死亡率,ARDS的缓解和治疗仍是主要研究热点。ARDS的病因有很多,其中肺炎和非肺败血症是最常见的。创伤和输血也可引起ARDS。在ARDS中，肺中性粒细胞的聚集和浸润对疾病的发展有很大的影响。中性粒细胞通过各种途径调节炎症反应，通过中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网(NETs)释放中性粒细胞被认为是最重要的机制之一。NET主要由DNA组成,组蛋白,和颗粒蛋白，所有这些都可以介导激活炎症反应的下游信号通路，产生免疫凝块，对周围组织造成损害.同时,NET的组成部分也可以促进NET的形成和释放，从而形成一个不断加剧疾病进展的恶性循环。NET也与细胞因子风暴和免疫平衡有关。由于DNA是NET的主要成分,DNA酶I被认为是去除NETs的可行药物。其他抑制NETs形成的治疗方法也值得进一步探索。本文综述了NETs在ARDS中的形成和作用机制。了解NETs与ARDS之间的关联可能有助于发展对ARDS治疗的新观点。
