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Abstract：
This study aimed to investigate the dimensions and types of the os trigonum and evaluate their relationship with various pathologic conditions on the posterior ankle using ankle MRI images. A total of 124 non-contrast-enhanced ankle and foot MR images of 123 consecutive patients were included in this retrospective study. The images were presented randomly, and they contained no patient information. The MR images were retrospectively and independently reviewed by two reviewers with a fellowship-trained musculoskeletal radiologist. The images were classified as type I and II based on the ossicle\'s medial border overlying the talus\'s posterior process and the groove for the flexor hallucis longus tendon (FHL). The study revealed that patients with type II os trigonum had a longer transverse diameter of the ossicle than type I, and there were statistically significant differences. Detachment status tended to be less in type I than in type II os trigonum, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant. There were no significant differences between type I and II os trigonum regarding posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL) abnormality, bone marrow edema, FHL tenosynovitis, and posterior synovitis. The study concluded that the os trigonum is a common cause of posterior ankle impingement, and type II os trigonum has a longer transverse diameter of the ossicle than type I.
摘要：
本研究旨在研究三角骨的尺寸和类型，并使用踝关节MRI图像评估其与后踝关节各种病理状况的关系。这项回顾性研究共纳入了123例连续患者的124例非对比增强踝关节和足部MR图像。这些图像是随机呈现的，他们没有病人信息.MR图像由两名审阅者与受过研究训练的肌肉骨骼放射科医生进行回顾性和独立审查。根据覆盖距骨后突的小骨内侧边界和长屈肌腱（FHL）的凹槽，将图像分为I型和II型。研究表明，II型三角骨患者的小骨横径比I型长，差异有统计学意义。脱离状态在I型中比在II型中更少。组间差异有统计学意义。I型和II型三角肌在后腓骨韧带（PTFL）异常方面没有显着差异，骨髓水肿,FHL腱鞘炎,和后部滑膜炎.研究得出结论，三角骨是后踝关节撞击的常见原因，II型三角骨的小骨横向直径比I型长。
