PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The adaptive arm of the immune system is crucial for appropriate antitumor immune responses. It is generally accepted that clusters of differentiation 4+ (CD4+) T cells, which mediate T helper (Th) 1 immunity (type 1 immunity), are the primary Th cell subtype associated with tumor elimination. In this review, we discuss evidence showing that antitumor immunity and better prognosis can be associated with distinct Th cell subtypes in experimental mouse models and humans, with a focus on Th2 cells. The aim of this review is to provide an overview and understanding of the mechanisms associated with different tumor outcomes in the face of immune responses by focusing on the (1) site of tumor development, (2) tumor properties (i. e., tumor metabolism and cytokine receptor expression), and (3) type of immune response that the tumor initially escaped. Therefore, we discuss how low-tolerance organs, such as lungs and brains, might benefit from a less tissue-destructive immune response mediated by Th2 cells. In addition, Th2 cells antitumor effects can be independent of CD8+ T cells, which would circumvent some of the immune escape mechanisms that tumor cells possess, like low expression of major histocompatibility-I (MHC-I). Finally, this review aims to stimulate further studies on the role of Th2 cells in antitumor immunity and briefly discusses emerging treatment options.
摘要：
免疫系统的适应性臂对于适当的抗肿瘤免疫反应至关重要。人们普遍认为分化4+(CD4+)T细胞簇，介导T辅助（Th）1免疫（1型免疫），是与肿瘤消除相关的原发性Th细胞亚型。在这次审查中,我们讨论的证据表明，在实验小鼠模型和人类中，抗肿瘤免疫和更好的预后可能与不同的Th细胞亚型有关，专注于Th2细胞。这篇综述的目的是通过关注（1）肿瘤发生的部位，概述和了解面对免疫反应时与不同肿瘤结果相关的机制。（2）肿瘤特性（i。e.,肿瘤代谢和细胞因子受体表达），和(3)肿瘤最初逃脱的免疫应答类型。因此,我们讨论低耐受性器官，比如肺和大脑，可能受益于由Th2细胞介导的组织破坏性较小的免疫应答。此外,Th2细胞的抗肿瘤作用可独立于CD8+T细胞，这将规避肿瘤细胞拥有的一些免疫逃逸机制，主要组织相容性-I（MHC-I）的低表达。最后,这篇综述旨在激发对Th2细胞在抗肿瘤免疫中的作用的进一步研究,并简要讨论新出现的治疗方案.
