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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the trends in disabilities in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among older Chinese adults and explore the influence of multimorbidity and unhealthy behaviors on ADL/IADL disability over time.
METHODS: Data were obtained from four waves (2011-2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Disability in ADL/IADL was defined as inability to perform any ADL/IADL task. Latent class analysis was used to identify multimorbidity patterns. The generalized estimating equation was used to test disability trends. Logistic regression was used to investigate the factors influencing disability.
RESULTS: The prevalence of IADL and ADL disability showed significant increasing trends among older Chinese adults from 2011 to 2018 (ptrend < 0.001). The negative association between alcohol intake more than once per month and IADL disability strengthened over time (ptrend < 0.05). The influence of the \"arthritis/digestive diseases\" pattern, \"cardiometabolic disease\" pattern and \"high multimorbidity\" pattern on ADL disability weakened over time (ptrend < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of IADL and ADL disability among Chinese older adults increased over time. The \"arthritis/digestive diseases\" pattern, \"cardiometabolic disease\" pattern and \"high multimorbidity\" pattern appeared to be less disabling in ADL over time. Improving the prevention and treatment of multimorbidity and developing age-friendly living conditions could be helpful to reduce the risks of disability.
METHODS: Data were obtained from four waves (2011-2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Disability in ADL/IADL was defined as inability to perform any ADL/IADL task. Latent class analysis was used to identify multimorbidity patterns. The generalized estimating equation was used to test disability trends. Logistic regression was used to investigate the factors influencing disability.
RESULTS: The prevalence of IADL and ADL disability showed significant increasing trends among older Chinese adults from 2011 to 2018 (ptrend < 0.001). The negative association between alcohol intake more than once per month and IADL disability strengthened over time (ptrend < 0.05). The influence of the \"arthritis/digestive diseases\" pattern, \"cardiometabolic disease\" pattern and \"high multimorbidity\" pattern on ADL disability weakened over time (ptrend < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of IADL and ADL disability among Chinese older adults increased over time. The \"arthritis/digestive diseases\" pattern, \"cardiometabolic disease\" pattern and \"high multimorbidity\" pattern appeared to be less disabling in ADL over time. Improving the prevention and treatment of multimorbidity and developing age-friendly living conditions could be helpful to reduce the risks of disability.
摘要：
目的：本研究旨在评估中国老年人日常生活活动（ADL）和工具日常生活活动（IADL）的残疾趋势，并探讨随着时间的推移，多发病和不健康行为对ADL/IADL残疾的影响。
方法：数据来自中国健康与退休纵向研究的四个波（2011-2018）。ADL/IADL中的残疾定义为无法执行任何ADL/IADL任务。潜在类别分析用于鉴定多发病率模式。广义估计方程用于测试残疾趋势。采用Logistic回归分析影响残疾的因素。
结果：2011年至2018年，中国老年人的IADL和ADL残疾患病率呈显著上升趋势（ptend<0.001）。每月一次以上饮酒与IADL残疾之间的负相关性随着时间的推移而增强（ptrend<0.05）。“关节炎/消化系统疾病”模式的影响，ADL残疾的“心脏代谢疾病”模式和“高多重性”模式随着时间的推移而减弱（ptrend<0.05）。
结论：中国老年人的IADL和ADL残疾患病率随时间增加。“关节炎/消化系统疾病”模式，随着时间的推移，“心脏代谢疾病”模式和“高多重性”模式在ADL中似乎不太致残。改善多重性疾病的预防和治疗以及发展年龄友好的生活条件可能有助于降低残疾风险。
方法：数据来自中国健康与退休纵向研究的四个波（2011-2018）。ADL/IADL中的残疾定义为无法执行任何ADL/IADL任务。潜在类别分析用于鉴定多发病率模式。广义估计方程用于测试残疾趋势。采用Logistic回归分析影响残疾的因素。
结果：2011年至2018年，中国老年人的IADL和ADL残疾患病率呈显著上升趋势（ptend<0.001）。每月一次以上饮酒与IADL残疾之间的负相关性随着时间的推移而增强（ptrend<0.05）。“关节炎/消化系统疾病”模式的影响，ADL残疾的“心脏代谢疾病”模式和“高多重性”模式随着时间的推移而减弱（ptrend<0.05）。
结论：中国老年人的IADL和ADL残疾患病率随时间增加。“关节炎/消化系统疾病”模式，随着时间的推移，“心脏代谢疾病”模式和“高多重性”模式在ADL中似乎不太致残。改善多重性疾病的预防和治疗以及发展年龄友好的生活条件可能有助于降低残疾风险。
