Abstract：
Dysphagia screening tests are useful in identifying possible dysphagia for further evaluation and in supporting feeding recommendations. This study aimed to investigate swallowing parameters in children, while widening the pool of data available, using the \'100 ml-Timed Water Swallow Test\' (100 ml-TWST). Sixty Singaporean children aged 4 to 18 years old completed the 100 ml-TWST via a cup and a straw. Task completion, presence of cough, choke or throat clear, post-swallow voice quality, total time taken and number of swallows were observed. Subsequently, analysis of time per swallow (T/S), volume per swallow (V/S) and volume per time or swallowing capacity (V/T) were performed. Higher tendencies for coughing and task incompletion were observed in younger participants. A shorter time taken, fewer number of swallows, greater V/S and greater swallowing capacity were observed for adolescent or male participants, or via the mode of cup drinking. These could be due to oropharyngeal structural changes and swallow maturation with age, an increased capacity of oropharyngeal structures for swallowing in adolescent males, and more controlled or paced drinking from a straw. A plateau in time taken, number of swallows and swallowing capacity in adolescence were also observed, possibly indicating an emerging maturation of swallow functions during that period. Interestingly, speed of bolus movement was largely unaffected by age, gender and mode of drinking. Pilot data for children with no dysphagia have been established, while gaining insight into the swallowing parameters and maturation process in the paediatric population.
摘要：
吞咽困难筛查测试可用于识别可能的吞咽困难以进行进一步评估并支持喂养建议。这项研究旨在调查儿童的吞咽参数，在扩大可用数据池的同时，使用“100ml-定时吞水试验”(100ml-TWST)。60名4至18岁的新加坡儿童通过杯子和吸管完成了100毫升TWST。任务完成,咳嗽的存在，窒息或喉咙清晰，吞咽后的语音质量，观察总时间和吞咽次数。随后，每次吞咽时间分析(T/S)，进行每次吞咽体积(V/S)和每次体积或吞咽能力(V/T)。在年轻的参与者中观察到更高的咳嗽和任务不完成倾向。更短的时间，较少数量的燕子,在青少年或男性参与者中观察到更大的V/S和更大的吞咽能力，或通过杯子饮用的模式。这些可能是由于口咽结构变化和吞咽随着年龄的成熟，男性青少年口咽结构吞咽能力增加，更有节制或更有节奏地从吸管中饮用。时间的高原，还观察到青春期的吞咽次数和吞咽能力，可能表明在此期间吞咽功能正在成熟。有趣的是,丸剂运动的速度在很大程度上不受年龄的影响，性别和饮酒方式。已经建立了没有吞咽困难的儿童的试点数据，同时深入了解儿科人群的吞咽参数和成熟过程。
