Abstract：
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects a substantial percentage of women, estimated at around 9-21%. This condition can lead to anovulatory infertility in women of childbearing age and is often accompanied by various metabolic disturbances, including hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, obesity, type-2 diabetes, and elevated cholesterol levels. The development of PCOS is influenced by a combination of epigenetic alterations, genetic mutations, and changes in the expression of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNAs, commonly referred to as non-coding RNAs, are approximately 22 nucleotides in length and primarily function in post-transcriptional gene regulation, facilitating mRNA degradation and repressing translation. Their dynamic expression in different cells and tissues contributes to the regulation of various biological and cellular pathways. As a result, they have become pivotal biomarkers for various diseases, including PCOS, demonstrating intricate associations with diverse health conditions. The aberrant expression of miRNAs has been detected in the serum of women with PCOS, with overexpression and dysregulation of these miRNAs playing a central role in the atypical expression of endocrine hormones linked to PCOS. This review takes a comprehensive approach to explore the upregulation and downregulation of various miRNAs present in ovarian follicular cells, granulosa cells, and theca cells of women diagnosed with PCOS. Furthermore, it discusses the potential for a theragnostic approach using miRNAs to better understand and manage PCOS.
摘要：
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种复杂的内分泌疾病，影响了相当大比例的女性，估计在9-21%左右。这种情况可导致育龄妇女无排卵性不孕症，并经常伴有各种代谢紊乱，包括高雄激素血症,胰岛素抵抗，肥胖，2型糖尿病,胆固醇水平升高。PCOS的发展受到表观遗传改变的影响，基因突变,以及非编码RNA表达的变化，特别是microRNAs（miRNAs）。MicroRNAs,通常被称为非编码RNA，长度约为22个核苷酸，主要在转录后基因调控中发挥作用，促进mRNA降解和抑制翻译。它们在不同细胞和组织中的动态表达有助于调节各种生物和细胞途径。因此,它们已经成为各种疾病的关键生物标志物，包括PCOS,展示了与不同健康状况的复杂关联。已在PCOS妇女血清中检测到miRNAs的异常表达，这些miRNA的过度表达和失调在与PCOS相关的内分泌激素的非典型表达中起着核心作用。这篇综述采用了全面的方法来探讨卵巢卵泡细胞中各种miRNA的上调和下调。颗粒细胞,和诊断为PCOS的女性的卵泡膜细胞。此外，它讨论了使用miRNA更好地理解和管理PCOS的治疗方法的潜力。
