Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Vaginismus is one of the leading causes of painful sex (dyspareunia) for women. General practitioners (GPs) play a vital role in diagnosing and treating vaginismus, as well as coordinating a multidisciplinary team to support people with vaginismus.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to summarise what is currently known about vaginismus, including its aetiology and contributing factors, how a diagnosis can be made, the implications of vaginismus on primary care clinical practice and the available treatment options for people with vaginismus. The article focuses on treating vaginismus exclusively, where other possible medical causes or comorbidities have been examined and excluded (eg vulvodynia).
CONCLUSIONS: GPs play a vital role in helping people recover from vaginismus through validating people\'s experiences, making an accurate diagnosis and making referrals to other relevant health professionals. GPs can also offer a range of treatment options for people with vaginismus. While the management of vaginismus can be time-consuming and take some trial and error, multidisciplinary care with multimodal therapy often results in positive patient outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to summarise what is currently known about vaginismus, including its aetiology and contributing factors, how a diagnosis can be made, the implications of vaginismus on primary care clinical practice and the available treatment options for people with vaginismus. The article focuses on treating vaginismus exclusively, where other possible medical causes or comorbidities have been examined and excluded (eg vulvodynia).
CONCLUSIONS: GPs play a vital role in helping people recover from vaginismus through validating people\'s experiences, making an accurate diagnosis and making referrals to other relevant health professionals. GPs can also offer a range of treatment options for people with vaginismus. While the management of vaginismus can be time-consuming and take some trial and error, multidisciplinary care with multimodal therapy often results in positive patient outcomes.
摘要：
背景：阴道痉挛是女性性疼痛（性交困难）的主要原因之一。全科医生（GP）在诊断和治疗阴道痉挛中起着至关重要的作用，以及协调一个多学科团队来支持阴道痉挛患者。
目的：本文的目的是总结目前对阴道痉挛的了解，包括其病因和影响因素，如何做出诊断，阴道痉挛对初级保健临床实践的影响以及阴道痉挛患者的可用治疗方案。本文重点介绍了阴道痉挛的专门治疗，已检查并排除其他可能的医学原因或合并症（例如外阴痛）。
结论：全科医生通过验证人们的经历，在帮助人们从阴道痉挛中恢复方面发挥着至关重要的作用，做出准确的诊断，并转介给其他相关的卫生专业人员。全科医生还可以为阴道痉挛患者提供一系列治疗选择。虽然阴道痉挛的管理可能是耗时的，需要一些试验和错误，采用多模式治疗的多学科护理通常会带来积极的患者结局。
目的：本文的目的是总结目前对阴道痉挛的了解，包括其病因和影响因素，如何做出诊断，阴道痉挛对初级保健临床实践的影响以及阴道痉挛患者的可用治疗方案。本文重点介绍了阴道痉挛的专门治疗，已检查并排除其他可能的医学原因或合并症（例如外阴痛）。
结论：全科医生通过验证人们的经历，在帮助人们从阴道痉挛中恢复方面发挥着至关重要的作用，做出准确的诊断，并转介给其他相关的卫生专业人员。全科医生还可以为阴道痉挛患者提供一系列治疗选择。虽然阴道痉挛的管理可能是耗时的，需要一些试验和错误，采用多模式治疗的多学科护理通常会带来积极的患者结局。
