Abstract：
The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children and poses a significant risk to older adults. Developing a vaccine against RSV has been a priority, and the recently approved Arexvy vaccine has shown promise in preventing lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) caused by RSV in individuals aged 60 years and older. This comprehensive review discusses the history of RSV, challenges in vaccine development, and the mechanism of action of Arexvy. The efficacy and safety of the vaccine are explored based on phase 3 clinical trial, demonstrating its effectiveness in preventing RSV-associated LRTD. The most common adverse reactions reported include injection site pain, fatigue, myalgia, headache, and arthralgia. Ongoing research focuses on the long-term effectiveness of Arexvy, including the need for booster doses and its impact on reducing RSV-associated hospitalizations. The potential of Arexvy to lessen the burden of RSV-related illnesses, particularly in vulnerable populations, is highlighted, emphasizing the importance of widespread immunization efforts and accessibility to this groundbreaking vaccine.
摘要：
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是儿童急性下呼吸道感染的主要原因，对老年人构成重大风险。开发针对RSV的疫苗一直是当务之急，最近批准的Arexvy疫苗在预防60岁及以上人群中由RSV引起的下呼吸道疾病（LRTD）方面显示出希望。这篇全面的综述讨论了RSV的历史，疫苗开发中的挑战，以及Arexvy的作用机制。基于3期临床试验，探讨了疫苗的有效性和安全性。证明其在预防RSV相关LRTD方面的有效性。报告的最常见的不良反应包括注射部位疼痛，疲劳,肌痛，头痛,和关节痛.正在进行的研究集中在Arexvy的长期有效性，包括加强剂量的需要及其对减少RSV相关住院的影响。Arexvy减轻RSV相关疾病负担的潜力，特别是在弱势群体中，突出显示，强调广泛的免疫工作和获得这种开创性疫苗的重要性。
