PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
With the advent of COVID-19, the number of patients diagnosed with mucormycosis has increased, especially in developing countries. The reason behind this increase is that COVID-19 causes hypoxia that promotes the growth of fungus. To identify the association between mucormycosis and COVID-19, in critically ill or immunocompromised COVID-19 patients. The literature included in the review was researched from October 1, 2021, to November 1, 2022, by using the Google Scholar database as the search engine. Of the 20 articles included, there were 4 case reports, 2 case series, 10 narrative reviews, and 4 quantitative studies. Mucormycetes growth is caused by several factors, including hyperglycemia owing to previously existing diabetes or excessive use of steroids, increased ferritin levels owing to the inflammatory cascade initiated by COVID-19, and immunosuppression caused by the use of steroids or other immunosuppressive therapy. Reduced white-cell count and activity in COVID-19 leads to increased germination of fungal spores hence developing a catastrophic picture of rhinocerebral mucormycosis. Considering that the hematological patient is frequently treated with cortisone, immunosuppressed due to the underlying condition, but also through the administered therapy, the association with a possible diabetes makes this patient susceptible to developing rhinocerebral mucormycosis during COVID-19 infection. Despite being severe, the association between mucormycosis and COVID-19 is specific and treatable. Development of mucormycosis in hematological patients suffering from severe COVID-19 disease is dangerous, yet not compulsory and can be prevented. Using a common steroid-dose protocol with hyperbaric oxygen and necessary preventive measure reveals the disease as a superadded infection. Hypoxia, poor glycemic control and overuse of steroids or immunosuppressive drugs cause it.
摘要：
随着COVID-19的出现，诊断为毛霉菌病的患者数量有所增加，尤其是在发展中国家。这种增加背后的原因是COVID-19导致缺氧，促进真菌的生长。在危重或免疫功能低下的COVID-19患者中，确定毛霉菌病与COVID-19的相关性。评论中包含的文献是通过使用GoogleScholar数据库作为搜索引擎从2021年10月1日至2022年11月1日进行的。在包括的20篇文章中，有4个病例报告，2个案例系列，10条叙述性评论，和4项定量研究。粘菌的生长是由几个因素引起的，包括以前存在的糖尿病或过度使用类固醇引起的高血糖，由于COVID-19引发的炎症级联反应以及使用类固醇或其他免疫抑制疗法引起的免疫抑制，铁蛋白水平升高。COVID-19中白细胞数量和活性的减少导致真菌孢子萌发增加，从而形成了鼻脑毛霉菌病的灾难性景象。考虑到血液学患者经常使用可的松治疗，由于潜在的疾病而受到免疫抑制，而且通过给药的治疗，与可能的糖尿病相关,使得该患者在COVID-19感染期间容易发生鼻脑毛霉菌病.尽管很严重,毛霉菌病和COVID-19之间的关联是特异性的和可治疗的。患有严重COVID-19疾病的血液学患者的毛霉菌病的发展是危险的，但不是强制性的，可以预防。使用常见的类固醇剂量方案与高压氧和必要的预防措施揭示了这种疾病是一种额外的感染。缺氧,血糖控制不佳和过度使用类固醇或免疫抑制药物会导致这种情况。
