Abstract：
The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of D-limonene on decreasing post-operative adhesion in rats and to understand the mechanisms involved. Peritoneal adhesions were induced by creating different incisions and excising a 1 × 1 cm section of the peritoneum. The experimental groups included a sham group, a control group in which peritoneal adhesions were induced without any treatment, and two treatment groups in which animals received D-limonene with dosages of 25 and 50 mg/kg after inducing peritoneal adhesions. Macroscopic examination of adhesions showed that both treatment groups had reduced adhesion bands in comparison to the control group. Immunohistochemical assessment of TGF-β1, TNF-α, and VEGF on day 14 revealed a significant increment in the level of immunopositive cells for the mentioned markers in the control group, whereas administration of limonene in both doses significantly reduced levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, and VEGF (P < 0.05). Induction of peritoneal adhesions in the control group significantly increased TGF-β1, TNF-α, and VEGF on days 3 and 14 in western blot evaluation, while treatment with limonene significantly reduced TNF-α level on day 14 (P < 0.05). Moreover, VEGF levels in both treatment groups significantly reduced on days 3 and 14. In the control group, a significant increment in the levels of MDA and NO and a notable decline in the levels of GPX, CAT was observed (P < 0.05). Limonene 50 group significantly reduced MDA level and increased GPx and CAT levels on day 14 (P < 0.05). In summary, D-limonene reduced adhesion bands, inflammatory cytokines, angiogenesis, and oxidative stress.
摘要：
这项研究的目的是研究D-柠檬烯对降低大鼠术后粘连的影响，并了解相关机制。通过创建不同的切口并切除腹膜的1×1cm切片来诱导腹膜粘连。实验组包括假手术组，对照组在没有任何治疗的情况下诱导腹膜粘连，和两个治疗组，其中动物在诱导腹膜粘连后接受剂量为25和50mg/kg的D-柠檬烯。粘连的宏观检查显示，与对照组相比，两个治疗组的粘连带减少。TGF-β1、TNF-α、在第14天，VEGF显示对照组中上述标志物的免疫阳性细胞水平显着增加，而柠檬烯在两种剂量中的施用显着降低了TGF-β1，TNF-α的水平，VEGF(P<0.05)。对照组诱导腹膜粘连显著增加TGF-β1、TNF-α、在蛋白质印迹评估中第3天和第14天和VEGF，而柠檬烯治疗可显著降低第14天的TNF-α水平(P<0.05)。此外，两个治疗组中的VEGF水平在第3天和第14天显著降低。在对照组中，MDA和NO水平显着增加，GPX水平显着下降，观察到CAT(P<0.05)。柠檬烯50组于第14天显著降低MDA水平,升高GPx和CAT水平(P<0.05)。总之,D-柠檬烯减少粘附带,炎性细胞因子，血管生成,和氧化应激。
