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Abstract：
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), as one of the most prevalent malignancies in the head and neck region, still lacks a complete understanding of its pathogenesis. Presently, radiotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and targeted therapy stand as the primary modalities for treating NPC. With advancements in medicine, the cure rates for nasopharyngeal carcinoma have been steadily increasing. Nevertheless, recurrence and metastasis persist as the primary reasons for treatment failure. Consequently, a profound exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, along with the exploration of corresponding therapeutic approaches, becomes particularly imperative in the quest for comprehensive solutions to combat this disease. High mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) is a pivotal protein capable of altering chromatin structure, regulating gene expression, and influencing transcriptional activity. In the realm of cancer research, HMGA2 exhibits widespread dysregulation, playing a crucial role in nearly all malignant tumors. It is implicated in various tumorigenic processes, including cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, tumor invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Additionally, HMGA2 serves as a molecular marker and an independent prognostic factor in certain malignancies. Recent studies have increasingly unveiled the critical role of HMGA2 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), particularly in promoting malignant progression, correlating with tumor resistance, and serving as an independent adverse prognostic factor. This review focuses on elucidating the oncogenic role of HMGA2 in NPC, suggesting its potential association with chemotherapy resistance in NPC, and proposing its candidacy as an independent factor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma prognosis assessment.
摘要：
鼻咽癌(NPC),作为头颈部最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，对其发病机制仍缺乏完整的了解。目前,放射治疗,同步放化疗,靶向治疗是治疗NPC的主要方法。随着医学的进步，鼻咽癌的治愈率一直在稳步上升。然而，复发和转移是治疗失败的主要原因。因此,对鼻咽癌发生和发展的分子机制进行了深刻的探索，随着相应治疗方法的探索，在寻求与这种疾病作斗争的全面解决方案时变得尤为必要。高迁移率组AT-hook2(HMGA2)是一种能够改变染色质结构的关键蛋白,调节基因表达，并影响转录活性。在癌症研究领域，HMGA2表现出广泛的失调，在几乎所有的恶性肿瘤中起着至关重要的作用。它与各种致瘤过程有关，包括细胞周期调节，细胞增殖，上皮-间质转化，血管生成,肿瘤侵袭，转移,和抗药性。此外,HMGA2在某些恶性肿瘤中作为分子标志物和独立的预后因素。最近的研究越来越揭示了HMGA2在鼻咽癌（NPC）中的关键作用，特别是在促进恶性进展方面，与肿瘤耐药性相关，并作为独立的不良预后因素。本文就HMGA2在鼻咽癌中的致癌作用作一综述。提示其与鼻咽癌化疗耐药的潜在关联，并提出其候选资格是鼻咽癌预后评估的独立因素。
