Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Gait biomechanics and daily steps are important aspects of knee joint loading that change following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Understanding their relationship during the first 6 months post-ACLR could help develop comprehensive rehabilitation interventions that promote optimal joint loading following injury, thereby improving long-term knee joint health.
OBJECTIVE: Our primary objective was to compare biomechanical gait waveforms throughout stance at early timepoints post-ACLR in individuals with different daily step behaviors at 6 months post-ACLR. The secondary aim was to examine how these gait waveforms compare to those of uninjured controls.
METHODS: Case-Control Study.
METHODS: Laboratory.
METHODS: Individuals with primary ACLR assigned to a low (LSG) (n=13) or high step group (HSG) (n=19) based on their average daily steps at 6 months post- ACLR, and uninjured matched controls (n=32).
METHODS: Gait biomechanics were collected at 2, 4, and 6 months post-ACLR in ACLR individuals and at a single session for controls. Knee adduction moment (KAM), knee extension moment (KEM), and knee flexion angle (KFA) waveforms were calculated during gait stance and then compared via functional waveform analyses. Mean differences and corresponding 95% confident intervals between groups were reported.
RESULTS: Primary results demonstrated lesser KFA (1-45%, 79-92% of stance) and greater KEM (65-93% of stance) at 2 months and greater KAM (14-20%, 68-92% of stance) at 4 months post-ACLR for the HSG compared to the LSG. KEM, KAM, and KFA waveforms differed across various proportions of stance at all timepoints between step groups and controls.
CONCLUSIONS: Differences in gait biomechanics are present at 2 and 4 months post-ACLR between step groups, with the LSG demonstrating an overall more flexed knee and more profound stepwise underloading throughout stance than the HSG. The results indicate a relation between early gait biomechanics and later daily steps behaviors following ACLR.
OBJECTIVE: Our primary objective was to compare biomechanical gait waveforms throughout stance at early timepoints post-ACLR in individuals with different daily step behaviors at 6 months post-ACLR. The secondary aim was to examine how these gait waveforms compare to those of uninjured controls.
METHODS: Case-Control Study.
METHODS: Laboratory.
METHODS: Individuals with primary ACLR assigned to a low (LSG) (n=13) or high step group (HSG) (n=19) based on their average daily steps at 6 months post- ACLR, and uninjured matched controls (n=32).
METHODS: Gait biomechanics were collected at 2, 4, and 6 months post-ACLR in ACLR individuals and at a single session for controls. Knee adduction moment (KAM), knee extension moment (KEM), and knee flexion angle (KFA) waveforms were calculated during gait stance and then compared via functional waveform analyses. Mean differences and corresponding 95% confident intervals between groups were reported.
RESULTS: Primary results demonstrated lesser KFA (1-45%, 79-92% of stance) and greater KEM (65-93% of stance) at 2 months and greater KAM (14-20%, 68-92% of stance) at 4 months post-ACLR for the HSG compared to the LSG. KEM, KAM, and KFA waveforms differed across various proportions of stance at all timepoints between step groups and controls.
CONCLUSIONS: Differences in gait biomechanics are present at 2 and 4 months post-ACLR between step groups, with the LSG demonstrating an overall more flexed knee and more profound stepwise underloading throughout stance than the HSG. The results indicate a relation between early gait biomechanics and later daily steps behaviors following ACLR.
摘要：
背景：步态生物力学和日常步数是前交叉韧带重建（ACLR）后改变的膝关节负荷的重要方面。在ACLR后的前6个月中了解它们的关系可以帮助开发全面的康复干预措施，以促进损伤后最佳的关节负荷。从而改善膝关节的长期健康。
目的：我们的主要目的是比较ACLR后6个月具有不同日常步数行为的个体在ACLR后早期站立时的生物力学步态波形。次要目的是检查这些步态波形如何与未受伤的对照组进行比较。
方法：病例对照研究。
方法：实验室。
方法：根据ACLR后6个月的平均每日步数，将主要ACLR分配到低步组（LSG）（n=13）或高步组（HSG）（n=19）。和未受伤的匹配对照（n=32）。
方法：在ACLR后2、4和6个月收集ACLR个体的步态生物力学，在对照组的单个疗程中收集步态生物力学。膝部牵引力矩(KAM),膝盖伸展力矩(KEM),计算步态站立时的膝关节屈曲角(KFA)波形,然后通过功能波形分析进行比较.报告了组间的平均差异和相应的95%置信区间。
结果：主要结果显示KFA较低（1-45%，79-92％的立场）和更大的KEM（65-93％的立场）在2个月和更大的KAM（14-20％，与LSG相比，HSG在ACLR后4个月的立场为68-92％）。KEM,KAM,在步骤组和对照组之间的所有时间点，不同比例的姿势和KFA波形不同。
结论：在ACLR后2个月和4个月，步组之间的步态生物力学存在差异，与HSG相比，LSG表现出整体上更弯曲的膝盖和更深刻的逐步减载。结果表明，早期步态生物力学与ACLR后的日常步骤行为之间存在关系。
目的：我们的主要目的是比较ACLR后6个月具有不同日常步数行为的个体在ACLR后早期站立时的生物力学步态波形。次要目的是检查这些步态波形如何与未受伤的对照组进行比较。
方法：病例对照研究。
方法：实验室。
方法：根据ACLR后6个月的平均每日步数，将主要ACLR分配到低步组（LSG）（n=13）或高步组（HSG）（n=19）。和未受伤的匹配对照（n=32）。
方法：在ACLR后2、4和6个月收集ACLR个体的步态生物力学，在对照组的单个疗程中收集步态生物力学。膝部牵引力矩(KAM),膝盖伸展力矩(KEM),计算步态站立时的膝关节屈曲角(KFA)波形,然后通过功能波形分析进行比较.报告了组间的平均差异和相应的95%置信区间。
结果：主要结果显示KFA较低（1-45%，79-92％的立场）和更大的KEM（65-93％的立场）在2个月和更大的KAM（14-20％，与LSG相比，HSG在ACLR后4个月的立场为68-92％）。KEM,KAM,在步骤组和对照组之间的所有时间点，不同比例的姿势和KFA波形不同。
结论：在ACLR后2个月和4个月，步组之间的步态生物力学存在差异，与HSG相比，LSG表现出整体上更弯曲的膝盖和更深刻的逐步减载。结果表明，早期步态生物力学与ACLR后的日常步骤行为之间存在关系。
