Abstract：
BACKGROUND: It is well-documented that using immunosuppressive drugs such as corticosteroids or cytokine blockers in treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increases the risk of co-infections. Here we systematically summarized the cases of COVID-19-associated parasitic infections (CAPIs) in Iran.
METHODS: From 19 February 2020 to 10 May 2023, all studies on Iranian patients suffering from CAPIs were collected from several databases using a systematic search strategy.
RESULTS: Of 540 records, 11 studies remained for data extraction. In this research, most of the studies were related to Lophomonas and Toxoplasma. Of 411 cases of CAPIs, toxoplasmosis (385 [93.7%]) had the highest rate of infection among Iranian patients, followed by blastocystosis (15 [3.6%]), fascioliasis (4 [0.97%]), leishmaniasis (3 [0.7%]), lophomoniasis (3 [0.7%]) and strongyloidiasis (1 [0.2%]). In general, Blastocystis enhanced diarrhoea in patients with COVID-19. Lophomonas, Toxoplasma and Strongyloides increased the severity of COVID-19, but Fasciola decreased its intensity. Patients with a history of cutaneous leishmaniasis showed mild symptoms of COVID-19. Also, patients with a prior history of hydatid cysts were not affected by COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS: Due to the similar symptoms of some parasitic diseases and COVID-19 and immunosuppressive treatment regimens in these patients that may cause the reactivation or recurrence of parasitic infections, early diagnosis and treatment are required.
METHODS: From 19 February 2020 to 10 May 2023, all studies on Iranian patients suffering from CAPIs were collected from several databases using a systematic search strategy.
RESULTS: Of 540 records, 11 studies remained for data extraction. In this research, most of the studies were related to Lophomonas and Toxoplasma. Of 411 cases of CAPIs, toxoplasmosis (385 [93.7%]) had the highest rate of infection among Iranian patients, followed by blastocystosis (15 [3.6%]), fascioliasis (4 [0.97%]), leishmaniasis (3 [0.7%]), lophomoniasis (3 [0.7%]) and strongyloidiasis (1 [0.2%]). In general, Blastocystis enhanced diarrhoea in patients with COVID-19. Lophomonas, Toxoplasma and Strongyloides increased the severity of COVID-19, but Fasciola decreased its intensity. Patients with a history of cutaneous leishmaniasis showed mild symptoms of COVID-19. Also, patients with a prior history of hydatid cysts were not affected by COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS: Due to the similar symptoms of some parasitic diseases and COVID-19 and immunosuppressive treatment regimens in these patients that may cause the reactivation or recurrence of parasitic infections, early diagnosis and treatment are required.
摘要：
背景：有充分的证据表明，使用皮质类固醇或细胞因子阻滞剂等免疫抑制药物治疗2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）会增加合并感染的风险。在这里，我们系统地总结了伊朗COVID-19相关寄生虫感染（CAPI）的病例。
方法：从2020年2月19日至2023年5月10日，使用系统搜索策略从多个数据库中收集了所有有关伊朗CAPI患者的研究。
结果：在540条记录中，仍有11项研究用于数据提取。在这项研究中,大部分的研究都与滴虫和弓形虫有关。在411例CAPI中，弓形虫病（385[93.7%]）在伊朗患者中感染率最高，其次是囊胚形成（15[3.6%]），筋膜吸虫病（4[0.97%]），利什曼病（3[0.7%]），卷线虫病（3[0.7%]）和圆线虫病（1[0.2%]）。总的来说,囊胚增加COVID-19患者的腹泻。Lophomonas,弓形虫和类圆线虫增加了COVID-19的严重程度，但Fasciola降低了其强度。有皮肤利什曼病病史的患者表现出轻微的COVID-19症状。此外，有包虫囊肿病史的患者未受到COVID-19的影响。
结论：由于某些寄生虫病与COVID-19和免疫抑制治疗方案的症状相似，这些患者可能会导致寄生虫感染的重新激活或复发，需要早期诊断和治疗。
方法：从2020年2月19日至2023年5月10日，使用系统搜索策略从多个数据库中收集了所有有关伊朗CAPI患者的研究。
结果：在540条记录中，仍有11项研究用于数据提取。在这项研究中,大部分的研究都与滴虫和弓形虫有关。在411例CAPI中，弓形虫病（385[93.7%]）在伊朗患者中感染率最高，其次是囊胚形成（15[3.6%]），筋膜吸虫病（4[0.97%]），利什曼病（3[0.7%]），卷线虫病（3[0.7%]）和圆线虫病（1[0.2%]）。总的来说,囊胚增加COVID-19患者的腹泻。Lophomonas,弓形虫和类圆线虫增加了COVID-19的严重程度，但Fasciola降低了其强度。有皮肤利什曼病病史的患者表现出轻微的COVID-19症状。此外，有包虫囊肿病史的患者未受到COVID-19的影响。
结论：由于某些寄生虫病与COVID-19和免疫抑制治疗方案的症状相似，这些患者可能会导致寄生虫感染的重新激活或复发，需要早期诊断和治疗。
