Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Daith piercing is a special ear-piercing method that punctures the crus of the helix. The penetrated site at the ear\'s innermost point is assumed to stimulate a pressure point associated with the vagus nerve. It has been reported that the pierced spot relieves migraine and tension-type headaches by activating vagal afferents, leading to the inhibition of neurons in the caudal trigeminal nucleus via the nucleus tractus solitarii.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this narrative literature review is to summarize the current state of knowledge concerning daith piercing for the treatment of migraine and tension-type headaches from the perspectives of the Chinese and Western auricular systems.
METHODS: PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched using the keywords \"daith piercing,\" \"auricular points,\" \"headache,\" and \"acupuncture\" from database inception to September 1, 2023. Only studies on humans were eligible; otherwise, no further restrictions were applied to the study designs, type of headache, or patient population of the identified articles. Bibliographies of all eligible studies were screened for further eligible studies. The main outcome of interest was a quantitative measure of pain relief by daith piercing. Secondary outcomes were relapse time of headache and further outcomes related to daith piercing, if available.
RESULTS: From a total of 186 identified articles, one retrospective study and three case reports fulfilled the inclusion criteria. No clinical trial was identified. The obtained studies describe patients experiencing chronic headaches undergoing daith piercing without changing or reducing their usual medication. In all case studies and the retrospective study, patients reported substantial reductions in pain immediately after daith piercing; however, headache symptoms recurred several weeks to months thereafter. From the perspective of the Chinese and Western auricular systems, no sufficient explanation for the described treatment effect of daith piercing was found.
CONCLUSIONS: The available literature, combined with the reported recurrence of pain as well as the associated side effects of daith piercing, indicate that current evidence does not support daith piercing for the treatment of migraine, tension-type headaches, or other headache disorders.
CONCLUSIONS: This paper summarizes what we know about Daith piercing (DP) for chronic migraine and tension-type headache and discusses how DP might work. Current evidence does not support DP as an effective treatment of chronic migraine and tension-type headache. These findings might assist clinicians in discussing this subject with patients as well as guide future research.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this narrative literature review is to summarize the current state of knowledge concerning daith piercing for the treatment of migraine and tension-type headaches from the perspectives of the Chinese and Western auricular systems.
METHODS: PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched using the keywords \"daith piercing,\" \"auricular points,\" \"headache,\" and \"acupuncture\" from database inception to September 1, 2023. Only studies on humans were eligible; otherwise, no further restrictions were applied to the study designs, type of headache, or patient population of the identified articles. Bibliographies of all eligible studies were screened for further eligible studies. The main outcome of interest was a quantitative measure of pain relief by daith piercing. Secondary outcomes were relapse time of headache and further outcomes related to daith piercing, if available.
RESULTS: From a total of 186 identified articles, one retrospective study and three case reports fulfilled the inclusion criteria. No clinical trial was identified. The obtained studies describe patients experiencing chronic headaches undergoing daith piercing without changing or reducing their usual medication. In all case studies and the retrospective study, patients reported substantial reductions in pain immediately after daith piercing; however, headache symptoms recurred several weeks to months thereafter. From the perspective of the Chinese and Western auricular systems, no sufficient explanation for the described treatment effect of daith piercing was found.
CONCLUSIONS: The available literature, combined with the reported recurrence of pain as well as the associated side effects of daith piercing, indicate that current evidence does not support daith piercing for the treatment of migraine, tension-type headaches, or other headache disorders.
CONCLUSIONS: This paper summarizes what we know about Daith piercing (DP) for chronic migraine and tension-type headache and discusses how DP might work. Current evidence does not support DP as an effective treatment of chronic migraine and tension-type headache. These findings might assist clinicians in discussing this subject with patients as well as guide future research.
摘要：
背景：Daith刺穿是一种特殊的刺穿耳朵的方法，可刺穿螺旋的脚。在耳朵的最内部点的穿透部位被假定为刺激与迷走神经相关的压力点。据报道，穿孔点通过激活迷走神经传入来缓解偏头痛和紧张型头痛，通过孤束核导致三叉神经尾核中的神经元受到抑制。
目的：这篇叙述性文献综述的目的是从中国和西方耳廓系统的角度总结有关daith穿刺治疗偏头痛和紧张型头痛的知识现状。
方法：PubMed和中国国家知识基础设施数据库使用关键字\"daith穿孔，“”耳穴，\"\"头痛,“和”针灸“从数据库开始到2023年9月1日。只有对人类的研究才有资格；否则，没有对研究设计施加进一步的限制，头痛的类型,或已识别文章的患者群体。筛选所有符合条件的研究的参考书目，以进一步符合条件的研究。感兴趣的主要结果是通过daith穿刺来缓解疼痛的定量测量。次要结果是头痛的复发时间和与daith穿刺相关的进一步结果，如果有的话。
结果：从总共186篇确定的文章中，1项回顾性研究和3例病例报告符合纳入标准.没有确定临床试验。获得的研究描述了经历慢性头痛的患者在不改变或减少常规药物治疗的情况下进行daith穿刺。在所有案例研究和回顾性研究中，患者报告说，在daith穿刺后，疼痛立即显著减轻；然而，头痛症状在几周至几个月后复发。从中西耳廓系统的角度来看，对于daith穿刺所描述的治疗效果，没有找到足够的解释。
结论：现有文献，结合报告的疼痛复发以及戴斯穿刺的相关副作用，表明目前的证据并不支持daith穿刺治疗偏头痛，紧张型头痛，或其他头痛疾病。
结论：本文总结了我们对Daith穿刺（DP）治疗慢性偏头痛和紧张型头痛的了解，并讨论了DP可能如何起作用。目前的证据不支持DP作为慢性偏头痛和紧张型头痛的有效治疗方法。这些发现可能有助于临床医生与患者讨论这一主题，并指导未来的研究。
目的：这篇叙述性文献综述的目的是从中国和西方耳廓系统的角度总结有关daith穿刺治疗偏头痛和紧张型头痛的知识现状。
方法：PubMed和中国国家知识基础设施数据库使用关键字\"daith穿孔，“”耳穴，\"\"头痛,“和”针灸“从数据库开始到2023年9月1日。只有对人类的研究才有资格；否则，没有对研究设计施加进一步的限制，头痛的类型,或已识别文章的患者群体。筛选所有符合条件的研究的参考书目，以进一步符合条件的研究。感兴趣的主要结果是通过daith穿刺来缓解疼痛的定量测量。次要结果是头痛的复发时间和与daith穿刺相关的进一步结果，如果有的话。
结果：从总共186篇确定的文章中，1项回顾性研究和3例病例报告符合纳入标准.没有确定临床试验。获得的研究描述了经历慢性头痛的患者在不改变或减少常规药物治疗的情况下进行daith穿刺。在所有案例研究和回顾性研究中，患者报告说，在daith穿刺后，疼痛立即显著减轻；然而，头痛症状在几周至几个月后复发。从中西耳廓系统的角度来看，对于daith穿刺所描述的治疗效果，没有找到足够的解释。
结论：现有文献，结合报告的疼痛复发以及戴斯穿刺的相关副作用，表明目前的证据并不支持daith穿刺治疗偏头痛，紧张型头痛，或其他头痛疾病。
结论：本文总结了我们对Daith穿刺（DP）治疗慢性偏头痛和紧张型头痛的了解，并讨论了DP可能如何起作用。目前的证据不支持DP作为慢性偏头痛和紧张型头痛的有效治疗方法。这些发现可能有助于临床医生与患者讨论这一主题，并指导未来的研究。
