Abstract：
Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) often develop respiratory tract infections with pathogenic multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and a variety of gram-negative organisms that include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia sp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Despite the introduction of new therapies to address underlying cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction, MDRO infections remain a problem and novel antimicrobial interventions are still needed. Therapeutic approaches include improving the efficacy of existing drugs by adjusting the dose based on differences in CF patient pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, the development of inhaled formulations to reduce systemic adverse events, and the use of newer beta-lactam/beta-lactamase combinations. Alternative innovative therapeutic approaches include the use of gallium and bacteriophages to treat MDRO pulmonary infections including those with extreme antibiotic resistance. However, additional clinical trials are required to determine the optimal dosing and efficacy of these different strategies and to identify patients with CF most likely to benefit from these new treatment options.
摘要：
囊性纤维化（CF）患者通常会发生呼吸道感染，例如耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，和各种革兰氏阴性菌，包括铜绿假单胞菌，Burkholderiasp.,嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌,木氧嗜酸性杆菌，和非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）。尽管引入了新疗法来解决潜在的囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子（CFTR）功能障碍，MDRO感染仍然是一个问题，仍然需要新的抗菌干预措施。治疗方法包括通过根据CF患者药代动力学/药效学的差异调整剂量来提高现有药物的疗效。开发吸入制剂以减少全身不良事件，以及使用较新的β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶组合。替代的创新治疗方法包括使用镓和噬菌体来治疗MDRO肺部感染，包括具有极端抗生素耐药性的那些。然而,需要进行更多的临床试验,以确定这些不同策略的最佳给药剂量和疗效,并确定最有可能从这些新的治疗方案中获益的CF患者.
