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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected zoonotic disease that is caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), the life cycle of which involves multiple hosts. We conducted a systematic review (SR) on E. granulosus s.l. in the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA), to provide a picture of its recent epidemiology across all hosts.
METHODS: For this SR, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, five electronic databases, as well experts in the region were consulted to retrieve records published between 2000 and 2022, reporting the presence of E. granulosus s.l. infections in any natural host in the GHA (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda).
RESULTS: A total of 247 records were retained, describing the presence of E. granulosus s.l. throughout the GHA, except for Djibouti. Only few population surveys on human CE were conducted in the area, with the prevalence ranging between 0.3 and 11.3%. In animals, the reported prevalence ranged up to 61.6% in camels, 88.4% in cattle; 65.2% in goats, 9.9% in pigs, 67.8% in sheep and 94.5% in dogs. In addition, E. granulosus s.l. was also reported in wildlife. A total of five species were reported in the different hosts, namely E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1, G3, GOmo), E. canadensis (G6/7), E. ortleppi (G5), E. felidis, and E. equinus (G4).
CONCLUSIONS: We confirm that E. granulosus s.l. is prevalent throughout the GHA. Nevertheless, despite our efforts to screen grey literature, an accurate assessment of the epidemiology in GHA remains challenging, due to the lack of combined host, in-depth risk factor and behavioural studies, as well as the wide diversity in subpopulations studied and diagnostic tools used. Interdisciplinary and transboundary partnerships would be essential for the design of effective control strategies, tuned to the GHA setting.
METHODS: For this SR, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, five electronic databases, as well experts in the region were consulted to retrieve records published between 2000 and 2022, reporting the presence of E. granulosus s.l. infections in any natural host in the GHA (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda).
RESULTS: A total of 247 records were retained, describing the presence of E. granulosus s.l. throughout the GHA, except for Djibouti. Only few population surveys on human CE were conducted in the area, with the prevalence ranging between 0.3 and 11.3%. In animals, the reported prevalence ranged up to 61.6% in camels, 88.4% in cattle; 65.2% in goats, 9.9% in pigs, 67.8% in sheep and 94.5% in dogs. In addition, E. granulosus s.l. was also reported in wildlife. A total of five species were reported in the different hosts, namely E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1, G3, GOmo), E. canadensis (G6/7), E. ortleppi (G5), E. felidis, and E. equinus (G4).
CONCLUSIONS: We confirm that E. granulosus s.l. is prevalent throughout the GHA. Nevertheless, despite our efforts to screen grey literature, an accurate assessment of the epidemiology in GHA remains challenging, due to the lack of combined host, in-depth risk factor and behavioural studies, as well as the wide diversity in subpopulations studied and diagnostic tools used. Interdisciplinary and transboundary partnerships would be essential for the design of effective control strategies, tuned to the GHA setting.
摘要：
背景：囊性棘球蚴病（CE）是一种被忽视的人畜共患疾病，是由细粒棘球蚴引起的。其生命周期涉及多个主机。我们对非洲大角（GHA）的E.granulosuss.l.进行了系统评价（SR），提供其在所有宿主中的最新流行病学图片。
方法：对于此SR，根据系统审查和荟萃分析(PRISMA)声明的首选报告项目进行，五个电子数据库,还咨询了该地区的专家，以检索2000年至2022年之间发布的记录，报告了GHA中任何自然宿主中都存在E.granulosuss.l感染（吉布提，厄立特里亚,埃塞俄比亚,肯尼亚,苏丹,索马里,南苏丹,坦桑尼亚和乌干达）。
结果：总共保留了247条记录，描述了在整个GHA中存在E.granulosuss.l.，除了吉布提。在该地区仅进行了很少的人类CE人口调查，患病率在0.3%至11.3%之间。在动物中,报告的骆驼患病率高达61.6%，牛占88.4%；山羊占65.2%，9.9%的猪，绵羊为67.8％，狗为94.5％。此外,E.granulosuss.l.在野生动物中也有报道。在不同的宿主中总共报告了五种物种，即E.granulosussensustricto（G1，G3，GOmo），E.加拿大（G6/7），E.ortleppi（G5），E.费利迪斯，和马蹄(G4)。
结论：我们证实了颗粒大肠杆菌在整个GHA中普遍存在。然而，尽管我们努力屏蔽灰色文学，准确评估GHA的流行病学仍然具有挑战性，由于缺乏组合主机，深入的危险因素和行为研究，以及所研究的亚群和使用的诊断工具的广泛多样性。跨学科和跨界伙伴关系对于设计有效的控制策略至关重要，调谐到GHA设置。
方法：对于此SR，根据系统审查和荟萃分析(PRISMA)声明的首选报告项目进行，五个电子数据库,还咨询了该地区的专家，以检索2000年至2022年之间发布的记录，报告了GHA中任何自然宿主中都存在E.granulosuss.l感染（吉布提，厄立特里亚,埃塞俄比亚,肯尼亚,苏丹,索马里,南苏丹,坦桑尼亚和乌干达）。
结果：总共保留了247条记录，描述了在整个GHA中存在E.granulosuss.l.，除了吉布提。在该地区仅进行了很少的人类CE人口调查，患病率在0.3%至11.3%之间。在动物中,报告的骆驼患病率高达61.6%，牛占88.4%；山羊占65.2%，9.9%的猪，绵羊为67.8％，狗为94.5％。此外,E.granulosuss.l.在野生动物中也有报道。在不同的宿主中总共报告了五种物种，即E.granulosussensustricto（G1，G3，GOmo），E.加拿大（G6/7），E.ortleppi（G5），E.费利迪斯，和马蹄(G4)。
结论：我们证实了颗粒大肠杆菌在整个GHA中普遍存在。然而，尽管我们努力屏蔽灰色文学，准确评估GHA的流行病学仍然具有挑战性，由于缺乏组合主机，深入的危险因素和行为研究，以及所研究的亚群和使用的诊断工具的广泛多样性。跨学科和跨界伙伴关系对于设计有效的控制策略至关重要，调谐到GHA设置。
