We conducted a scoping review of the literature published from 2000 to 2022 in PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. The inclusion criteria were: (1) focused on PLWD and/or family caregivers, (2) examined disparities or differences in healthcare, (3) were conducted in the United States, (4) compared two or more racial/ethnic groups, and (5) reported quantitative or qualitative findings.
Key findings include accumulating evidence that minoritized populations are less likely to receive an accurate and timely diagnosis, be prescribed anti-dementia medications, and use hospice care, and more likely to have a higher risk of hospitalization and receive more aggressive life-sustaining treatment at the end-of-life.
Future studies need to examine underlying processes and develop interventions to reduce disparities while also being more broadly inclusive of diverse populations.
方法:我们对2000年至2022年在PubMed上发表的文献进行了范围审查,PsycINFO,和CINAHL。纳入标准为:(1)侧重于PLWD和/或家庭护理人员,(2)检查医疗保健方面的差异或差异,(3)在美国进行,(4)比较两个或两个以上的种族/民族,(5)报告定量或定性结果。
结果:主要发现包括积累的证据表明,少数人群不太可能获得准确及时的诊断,被处方抗痴呆药物,并使用临终关怀护理,并且更有可能有更高的住院风险,并在生命结束时接受更积极的维持生命的治疗。
结论:未来的研究需要检查潜在的过程,并制定干预措施,以减少差异,同时更广泛地包括不同的人群。