PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
How mosquitoes may respond to rapid climate warming remains unknown for most species, but will have major consequences for their future distributions, with cascading impacts on human well-being, biodiversity and ecosystem function. We investigated the adaptive potential of a wide-ranging mosquito species, Aedes sierrensis, across a large climatic gradient by conducting a common garden experiment measuring the thermal limits of mosquito life-history traits. Although field-collected populations originated from vastly different thermal environments that spanned over 1200 km, we found limited variation in upper thermal tolerance between populations. In particular, the upper thermal limits of all life-history traits varied by less than 3°C across the species range and, for most traits, did not differ significantly between populations. For one life-history trait-pupal development rate-we did detect significant variation in upper thermal limits between populations, and this variation was strongly correlated with source temperatures, providing evidence of local thermal adaptation for pupal development. However, we found that maximum environmental temperatures across most of the species\' range already regularly exceed the highest upper thermal limits estimated under constant temperatures. This result suggests that strategies for coping with and/or avoiding thermal extremes are likely key components of current and future mosquito thermal tolerance.
摘要：
对于大多数物种来说，蚊子如何应对快速的气候变暖仍然是未知的。但会对它们未来的分布产生重大影响，对人类福祉的级联影响，生物多样性和生态系统功能。我们调查了多种蚊子的适应性潜力，伊蚊,通过进行普通的花园实验来测量蚊子生活史特征的热极限，从而跨越大的气候梯度。尽管野外收集的种群起源于跨越1200公里的截然不同的热环境，我们发现种群之间的高耐热性差异有限。特别是,所有生活史特征的热上限在物种范围内变化小于3°C，对于大多数特征，种群之间没有显着差异。对于一个生活史特征-p发育率-我们确实检测到种群之间温度上限的显着变化，这种变化与源温度密切相关，为蛹发育提供局部热适应的证据。然而,我们发现，在大多数物种范围内的最高环境温度已经经常超过在恒定温度下估计的最高温度上限。该结果表明，应对和/或避免极端温度的策略可能是当前和未来蚊子耐热性的关键组成部分。
