Abstract：
The nuclear lamina (NL) is a crucial component of the inner nuclear membrane (INM) and consists of lamin filaments and associated proteins. Lamins are type V intermediate filament proteins essential for maintaining the integrity and mechanical properties of the nucleus. In human cells, \'B-type\' lamins (lamin B1 and lamin B2) are ubiquitously expressed, while \'A-type\' lamins (lamin A, lamin C, and minor isoforms) are expressed in a tissue- and development-specific manner. Lamins homopolymerize to form filaments that localize primarily near the INM, but A-type lamins also localize to and function in the nucleoplasm. Lamins play central roles in the assembly, structure, positioning, and mechanics of the nucleus, modulating cell signaling and influencing development, differentiation, and other activities. This review highlights recent findings on the structure and regulation of lamin filaments, providing insights into their multifaceted functions, including their role as \"mechanosensors\", delving into the emerging significance of lamin filaments as vital links between cytoskeletal and nuclear structures, chromatin organization, and the genome.
摘要：
核层（NL）是内核膜（INM）的关键组成部分，由薄片丝和相关蛋白质组成。层板是V型中间丝蛋白，对于维持细胞核的完整性和机械性能至关重要。在人类细胞中，B型层粘连蛋白（层粘连蛋白B1和层粘连蛋白B2）普遍表达，而\'A型\'lamins(laminA,laminC,和次要同工型）以组织和发育特异性方式表达。薄片均聚以形成主要位于INM附近的细丝，但是A型层粘连蛋白也位于核质中并在核质中发挥作用。Lamins在大会中扮演中心角色,结构,定位,和原子核的力学，调节细胞信号和影响发育，分化,和其他活动。这篇综述重点介绍了最新的研究结果，即Lamin长丝的结构和调控，提供对其多方面功能的见解，包括它们作为“机械传感器”的角色，深入研究层板丝作为细胞骨架和核结构之间的重要联系的新兴意义，染色质组织，和基因组。
